Stylistic Analysis of the Eschatological Narrative in the Qur’an
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the stylistic aspects of Surah Az-Zumar verses 71–74, focusing on the eschatological representation of the Qur'an through linguistic elements. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing library research. The primary data consists of Surah Az-Zumar verses 71–74 and classical and modern exegeses collected through documentation. Data analysis uses qualitative content analysis based on the Qalyubi stylistic framework, encompassing phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic levels. Phonological analysis reveals a consistent end-rhyme pattern and internal rhythm, reinforced by assonance and tempo variations, which create significant emotional and aesthetic impacts. Morphologically, the strategic use of passive forms, such as "sīqa" and "futiḥat," emphasizes eschatological events and enhances visual imagery, thereby building dramatic tension. From a syntactic perspective, formulaic repetition and stylistic ellipsis highlight the narrative contrast between the destinies of the inhabitants of Paradise and Hell, clarifying the divine message of justice and engaging readers emotionally. Semantically, the employment of musyākalah and muqābalah khilāfī enriches the narrative by subtly contrasting the two destinies through word choice. In conclusion, stylistic elements in Surah Az-Zumar verses 71–74 are not merely aesthetic embellishments but serve as profound theological tools, shaping readers' cognitive, affective, and spiritual experiences of eschatological reality.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Sholahudin, S., & Sopian, A. (2025). Stylistic Analysis of the Eschatological Narrative in the Qur’an. Aphorisme: Journal of Arabic Language, Literature, and Education, 6(1), 218–234. https://doi.org/10.37680/aphorisme.v6i1.7389
References
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Abqary, M. (2024). Tafsir Semantik Romantik (Rekonstruksi Peran Bahasa dan Sastra dalam Penafsiran Al-Qur’an) [Master’s Thesis]. Universitas PTIQ Jakarta.
Ahmad, H., & Ghafar, N. A. (2025). Stylistic Variation and Linguistic Strategies in Quranic Discourse: A Rhetorical, Phonetic, and Translational Analysis. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 9(4), 5957–5964. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.90400426
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Al-Shloul, H. M., Talafha, D. K., & Tahat, A. (2025). Phonetic Effect on the Semantic and Interpretive Understanding of Al-Baqarah Chapter in the Holy Quran. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i2.7816
Arnita, Alia, N., & Rahmah, W. P. (2024). At-Thibaq dalam Al-Qur’an Surah Az-Zumar (Kajian Ilmu Badi’). Al-Muallaqat: Journal of Arabic Studies, 3(2), 19–27.
Basir, M. A. (2025). The Stylistics Comparison on the Dialogues of the People of Hell in film Siksa Neraka with Quran. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences (PJLSS), 23(1). https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2025-23.1.00262
Christiansen, J. L. (2020). God Loves not the Wrongdoers (ẓālimūn): Formulaic Repetition as a Rhetorical Strategy in the Qur’an. Journal of Qur’anic Studies, 22(1), 92–132. https://doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2020.0413
Fadila, M., Sopian, A., & Saleh, N. (2024). Qur’anic Stylistics: A Heart-Calming Surah. Al-Manar, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.24014/al-manar.v15i1.29234
Ghofur, A., Huda, N., & Ja’far, A. (2021). Stylistic Analysis of Surah Al-Zalzalah. Alsinatuna, 6(2), 187–203. https://doi.org/10.28918/alsinatuna.v7i2.3575
Günther, S. (2020). Eschatology and the Qur’an. In M. Shah & M. A. A. Haleem (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of Qur’anic studies. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199698646.001.0001
Habibi, N. (2025). Phonetic Cohesion in the Rhyme Structure of the Qur’an: A Phonological Analysis of Sound Patterns in Surah Al-Inshiqaq. Arabiyatuna: Jurnal Bahasa Arab, 9(1), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.29240/jba.v9i1.12726
Haleem, M. A. (2001). Understanding the Qur’an: Themes and style. I. B. Tauris.
Ibn ʿĀsyūr, M. al-Ṭāhir. (1984). Tafsīr al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr (Vol. 24). al-Dār al-Tūnisiyyah li al-Nashr.
Kamala, S. A., & Rohmad, R. (2022). Tindak Tutur Direktif Dalam Surah Az-Zumar (Studi Analisis Pragmatis). Tsaqofiya : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 4(2), 243–258. https://doi.org/10.21154/tsaqofiya.v4i2.97
Kasim, M. Y., & Haddade, H. (2022). Understanding Text and Context for Productive Reading: An Analysis of Abu Zaid’s Hermeneutics of the Qur’an. ADDIN, 15(2), 153. https://doi.org/10.21043/addin.v15i2.10765
Keraf, G. (1991). Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa (7th ed.). PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kraxenberger, M., & Menninghaus, W. (2016). Emotional effects of poetic phonology, word positioning and dominant stress peaks in poetry reading. Scientific Study of Literature, 6(2), 298–313. https://doi.org/10.1075/ssol.6.2.06kra
Munawaroh, S. M., Milah, A. S., & Asmara, H. D. (2024). Linguistic and Stylistic of the Qur’an in “Ayat al-Ahkam” Book by Shoiman Luqman Hakim l Al-Usalib al-Lughawiyah wal-Uslubiyah fi al-Qur’an fi Kitab Ayat al-Aḥkam li-l-Awsat Ṣa’iman Luqman Ḥakim. Jurnal Al Bayan: Jurnal Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 16(2), 598. https://doi.org/10.24042/albayan.v16i2.24593
Nofal, K. H. (2013). Semantic Functions of Passive Constructions in the Holy Qur’an. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(6), 894–902. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.3.6.894-902
Qalyubi, S. (1997). Stilistika al-Qur’an (Pengantar Orientasi Studi al-Qur’an). Titian Ilahi Press.
Qalyubi, S. (2017). ‘Ilmu al-Uslūb: Stilistika Bahasa dan Sastra Arab. Idea Press Yogyakarta.
Qub’a, A. A., Abu Guba, M. N., Fareh, S., & Rabab’ah, G. (2025). The Passive Voice In The Holy Quran: An exploratory study. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12(1), 473. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04622-4
Rahman, F. (2009). Major themes of the Qur’ān (2. ed). The Univ. of Chicago Press.
Sirilakshmi, Y., T, A., Gogoi, B. P., Bhuyan, N., & Bunkar, R. C. (2024). Content Analysis in Qualitative Research: Importance and Application. In Exploring Narratives: A Guide to Qualitative Research Methods. P.K. Publishers & Distributors.
Sopian, A. (2017). Stilistika Dialog Qur’ani dalam Kisah Nabi Nuh a.s. Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Pengajarannya, 45(2), 181–196. https://doi.org/10.17977/um015v45i22017p181
Sopian, A., Ali, M., & Latifah, N. (2022). Stylistics Literature in Qashidah Burdah by Imam Abu Abdillah bin Sa’id Al-Bushiry. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra, 22(1), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v22i1.47661
Ulumuddin, H. (2022). Kajian Stilistika dalam Surat Al-Qiyamah. Al-Fathin: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 5(02), 203. https://doi.org/10.32332/al-fathin.v5i02.4515
Wijaya, I. S., Tahir, M., Saputranur, & Handari, S. (2024). The Role of Piety (Taqwa) and Gratitude (Syukur) in Islam on Human Emotional Intelligence. Pharos Journal of Theology, 105(2). https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.24
Zainol, N. Z. N., Majid, L. A., & Saad, M. F. M. (2018). An overview on hermeneutics method application to the Quran by Muslim thinkers. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.9), 167–170. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.9.20643
Abdul-Raof, H. (2004). Qur’anic Stylistics: A Linguistic Analysis. Lincom Gmbh.
Abdul-Raof, H. (2006). Arabic rhetoric: A pragmatic analysis. Routledge.
Abdul-Raof, H. (2018). New horizons in Qur’anic linguistics: A syntactic, semantic and stylistic analysis. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315670911
Abqary, M. (2024). Tafsir Semantik Romantik (Rekonstruksi Peran Bahasa dan Sastra dalam Penafsiran Al-Qur’an) [Master’s Thesis]. Universitas PTIQ Jakarta.
Ahmad, H., & Ghafar, N. A. (2025). Stylistic Variation and Linguistic Strategies in Quranic Discourse: A Rhetorical, Phonetic, and Translational Analysis. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 9(4), 5957–5964. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.90400426
Aiman, U., & Siregar, M. D. R. (2017). Uslub Muqabalah dalam Al-Qur’an. Tafse: Journal of Qur’anic Studies, 1(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.22373/tafse.v1i1.8067
al-Ālūsī, A. al-F. S. al-D. al-S. M. (1994). Rūḥ al-Maʿānī fī Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿAẓīm wa al-Sabʿ al-Maṡānī (Vol. 12). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
al-Aṣfahānī, A. al-Q. al-Ḥusayn ibn M. (n.d.). Al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qurʾān. Maktabat Nizār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz.
al-Galāyīnī, M. (2018). Jāmi‘ al-Durūs al-‘Arabiyyah: Mawsū‘ah fī ṡalāṡah Ajzā’ (ʿAbd-al-Munʿim Ḫalīl Ibrāhīm, Ed.; 15th ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīya.
al-Hāsyimī, A. (2017). Jawāhir al-balāghah fi al-Maʿānī wa al-Bayān wa al-Badīʿ (7th ed.). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyyah.
al-Hilāl, M. (2022). Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-Tharī al-Jāmi‘ fī al-I‘jāz al-Bayānī wa al-Lughawī wa al-‘Ilmī (1st ed.). Dār al-Mi‘rāj. https://tafsiralthary.com
al-Qaṭṭān, M. K. (1994). Studi ilmu-ilmu Qur’an (Mudzakir AS, Trans.). Litera Antar Nusa.
al-Rāzī, F. al-Dīn. (1999). Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb (Vol. 27). Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāṡ al-‘Arabī.
al-Sa‘dī, A. al-R. ibn N. ibn ‘Abd A. (2000). Taysīr al-Karīm al-Raḥmān fī Tafsīr Kalām al-Mannān. Mu’assasat al-Risālah.
al-Suyūṭī, J. al-Dīn. (2019). Al-Itqān fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān. Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
al-Ṭabarī, M. ibn J. (n.d.). Jāmiʿ al-Bayān ʿan Taʾwīl Āy al-Qurʾān (Vol. 21). Dār al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turāth.
al-Zamakhsyarī, M. ibn ʿUmar ibn A. (1987). Al-Kasysyāf ʿan ḥaqāʾiqi gawāmiḍ al-tanzīl wa-ʿuyūn al-aqāwīl fī wujūhi al-taʾwīl (Vol. 4). Dār al-Rayyān li al-Turāṡ.
Al-Shloul, H. M., Talafha, D. K., & Tahat, A. (2025). Phonetic Effect on the Semantic and Interpretive Understanding of Al-Baqarah Chapter in the Holy Quran. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i2.7816
Arnita, Alia, N., & Rahmah, W. P. (2024). At-Thibaq dalam Al-Qur’an Surah Az-Zumar (Kajian Ilmu Badi’). Al-Muallaqat: Journal of Arabic Studies, 3(2), 19–27.
Basir, M. A. (2025). The Stylistics Comparison on the Dialogues of the People of Hell in film Siksa Neraka with Quran. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences (PJLSS), 23(1). https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2025-23.1.00262
Christiansen, J. L. (2020). God Loves not the Wrongdoers (ẓālimūn): Formulaic Repetition as a Rhetorical Strategy in the Qur’an. Journal of Qur’anic Studies, 22(1), 92–132. https://doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2020.0413
Fadila, M., Sopian, A., & Saleh, N. (2024). Qur’anic Stylistics: A Heart-Calming Surah. Al-Manar, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.24014/al-manar.v15i1.29234
Ghofur, A., Huda, N., & Ja’far, A. (2021). Stylistic Analysis of Surah Al-Zalzalah. Alsinatuna, 6(2), 187–203. https://doi.org/10.28918/alsinatuna.v7i2.3575
Günther, S. (2020). Eschatology and the Qur’an. In M. Shah & M. A. A. Haleem (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of Qur’anic studies. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199698646.001.0001
Habibi, N. (2025). Phonetic Cohesion in the Rhyme Structure of the Qur’an: A Phonological Analysis of Sound Patterns in Surah Al-Inshiqaq. Arabiyatuna: Jurnal Bahasa Arab, 9(1), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.29240/jba.v9i1.12726
Haleem, M. A. (2001). Understanding the Qur’an: Themes and style. I. B. Tauris.
Ibn ʿĀsyūr, M. al-Ṭāhir. (1984). Tafsīr al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr (Vol. 24). al-Dār al-Tūnisiyyah li al-Nashr.
Kamala, S. A., & Rohmad, R. (2022). Tindak Tutur Direktif Dalam Surah Az-Zumar (Studi Analisis Pragmatis). Tsaqofiya : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 4(2), 243–258. https://doi.org/10.21154/tsaqofiya.v4i2.97
Kasim, M. Y., & Haddade, H. (2022). Understanding Text and Context for Productive Reading: An Analysis of Abu Zaid’s Hermeneutics of the Qur’an. ADDIN, 15(2), 153. https://doi.org/10.21043/addin.v15i2.10765
Keraf, G. (1991). Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa (7th ed.). PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kraxenberger, M., & Menninghaus, W. (2016). Emotional effects of poetic phonology, word positioning and dominant stress peaks in poetry reading. Scientific Study of Literature, 6(2), 298–313. https://doi.org/10.1075/ssol.6.2.06kra
Munawaroh, S. M., Milah, A. S., & Asmara, H. D. (2024). Linguistic and Stylistic of the Qur’an in “Ayat al-Ahkam” Book by Shoiman Luqman Hakim l Al-Usalib al-Lughawiyah wal-Uslubiyah fi al-Qur’an fi Kitab Ayat al-Aḥkam li-l-Awsat Ṣa’iman Luqman Ḥakim. Jurnal Al Bayan: Jurnal Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 16(2), 598. https://doi.org/10.24042/albayan.v16i2.24593
Nofal, K. H. (2013). Semantic Functions of Passive Constructions in the Holy Qur’an. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(6), 894–902. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.3.6.894-902
Qalyubi, S. (1997). Stilistika al-Qur’an (Pengantar Orientasi Studi al-Qur’an). Titian Ilahi Press.
Qalyubi, S. (2017). ‘Ilmu al-Uslūb: Stilistika Bahasa dan Sastra Arab. Idea Press Yogyakarta.
Qub’a, A. A., Abu Guba, M. N., Fareh, S., & Rabab’ah, G. (2025). The Passive Voice In The Holy Quran: An exploratory study. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12(1), 473. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04622-4
Rahman, F. (2009). Major themes of the Qur’ān (2. ed). The Univ. of Chicago Press.
Sirilakshmi, Y., T, A., Gogoi, B. P., Bhuyan, N., & Bunkar, R. C. (2024). Content Analysis in Qualitative Research: Importance and Application. In Exploring Narratives: A Guide to Qualitative Research Methods. P.K. Publishers & Distributors.
Sopian, A. (2017). Stilistika Dialog Qur’ani dalam Kisah Nabi Nuh a.s. Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Pengajarannya, 45(2), 181–196. https://doi.org/10.17977/um015v45i22017p181
Sopian, A., Ali, M., & Latifah, N. (2022). Stylistics Literature in Qashidah Burdah by Imam Abu Abdillah bin Sa’id Al-Bushiry. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra, 22(1), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v22i1.47661
Ulumuddin, H. (2022). Kajian Stilistika dalam Surat Al-Qiyamah. Al-Fathin: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 5(02), 203. https://doi.org/10.32332/al-fathin.v5i02.4515
Wijaya, I. S., Tahir, M., Saputranur, & Handari, S. (2024). The Role of Piety (Taqwa) and Gratitude (Syukur) in Islam on Human Emotional Intelligence. Pharos Journal of Theology, 105(2). https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.24
Zainol, N. Z. N., Majid, L. A., & Saad, M. F. M. (2018). An overview on hermeneutics method application to the Quran by Muslim thinkers. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.9), 167–170. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.9.20643