Digital Transformation and MSME Competitiveness: Examining the Mediating Effect of Innovation Management (A PLS-SEM Study in Indonesian MSMEs)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37680/ijief.v6i1.9545Keywords:
MSME Competitiveness, Information Technology Capability, Innovation Orientation, Managerial Capability, Innovation management, Digital Transformation, PLS-SEMAbstract
Digital transformation has become a strategic necessity for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), particularly in emerging economies where firms face resource and managerial limitations. This study examines the influence of Information Technology Capability, Innovation Orientation, and Managerial Capability on MSME competitiveness, with Innovation Management as a mediating variable. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 400 MSME owners and managers in the Pasar Lama area of Tangerang City and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that organizational capabilities significantly influence both Innovation Management and MSME competitiveness. Innovation Management was found to be the strongest predictor of competitiveness and played a significant mediating role in the relationship between organizational capabilities and competitiveness. These results suggest that sustainable competitiveness in MSMEs depends not only on digital technology adoption but also on the ability to effectively manage innovation processes. This study contributes to the understanding of how innovation management strengthens MSME competitiveness during digital transformation in emerging economy contexts.
References
Al Dhaheri, M., Ahmad, S. Z., Abu Bakar, A. R., & Papastathopoulos, A. (2024). Dynamic capabilities and SMEs competitiveness: the moderating effect of market turbulence. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 18(2), 277–298. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-03-2023-0106
Alrub, Y. A., & Sánchez-Cañizares, S. M. (2025). Dynamic Capabilities and Digital Transformation: Toward Strategic Planning in the Digital Age—Evidence from Palestine. Administrative Sciences, 15(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15010021
AlTaweel, I., & Al-Hawary, S. (2021). The Mediating Role of Innovation Capability on the Relationship between Strategic Agility and Organizational Performance. Sustainability, 13(14), 7564. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147564
Appiah, L. O., & Essuman, D. (2024). How do firms develop and financially benefit from green product innovation in a developing country? Roles of innovation orientation and green marketing innovation. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(7), 7241–7252. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3864
da Silva, A., de Almeida, I. D., Dionisio, A., Rabadão, C., & Capela, C. (2025). How digital technologies enhance competitiveness in manufacturing SMEs. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 103. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00576-8
de Andrés-Sánchez, J., Musiello-Neto, F., Rua, O. L., & Arias-Oliva, M. (2022). Configurational Analysis of Inbound and Outbound Innovation Impact on Competitive Advantage in the SMEs of the Portuguese Hospitality Sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(4), 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8040205
Gani, E. A., Herdinata, C., & Dewi, L. (2025). Digital Transformation on Competitive Advantage through Customer Experience in Indonesian Companies. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(6), 4321–4334. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i6.3978
Gautam, P. K., Gautam, D. K., & Silwal, P. P. (2025). Business Model Innovation and Firm Performance of SMEs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Test of Serial Mediation Model. SAGE Open, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251342148
Held, P., Heubeck, T., & Meckl, R. (2025). Boosting SMEs’ digital transformation: the role of dynamic capabilities in cultivating digital leadership and digital culture. Review of Managerial Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-025-00919-5
Heubeck, T. (2023). Managerial capabilities as facilitators of digital transformation? Dynamic managerial capabilities as antecedents to digital business model transformation and firm performance. Digital Business, 3(1), 100053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.digbus.2023.100053
Jie, H., Gooi, L. M., & Lou, Y. (2025). Digital maturity, dynamic capabilities and innovation performance in high-tech SMEs. International Review of Economics & Finance, 99, 103971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2025.103971
Kahveci, E. (2025). Digital Transformation in SMEs: Enablers, Interconnections, and a Framework for Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Administrative Sciences, 15(3), 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15030107
Lee, N. Y., Noble, S. M., & Zablah, A. R. (2020). So distant, yet useful: The impact of distal stories on customers’ service expectations. Journal of Business Research, 113, 230–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.044
Lu, H., & Shaharudin, M. S. (2024). Role of digital transformation for sustainable competitive advantage of SMEs: a systematic literature review. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2419489
Makhloufi, L., Azbiya Yaacob, N., Laghouag, A. A., Ali Sahli, A., & Belaid, F. (2021). Effect of IT capability and intangible IT resources on sustainable competitive advantage: Exploring moderating and mediating effect of IT flexibility and core competency. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1935665
Merín-Rodrigáñez, J., Dasí, À., & Alegre, J. (2024). Digital transformation and firm performance in innovative SMEs: The mediating role of business model innovation. Technovation, 134, 103027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103027
Nuryakin, & Qamari, I. N. (2026). The mediating role of innovation capability and technological capability in the relationship between absorptive capacity and SMEs’ business performance. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 10(1), 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2025.09.004
Papagiannidis, S., Harris, J., & Morton, D. (2020). WHO led the digital transformation of your company? A reflection of IT related challenges during the pandemic. International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102166
Saputra, M. H., Utomo, M. N., Ariansyah, K., Wismayanti, Y. F., Ansyah, R. H. A., Koeswinarno, & Suradi. (2024). Small and medium-sized enterprises dynamic capabilities and competitive advantage: The mediating effect of digitalization. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 12(3), 41–67. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2024.120303
Sarfo, C., Fakhar Manesh, M., & Caputo, A. (2025). Exploitative and exploratory search: Dynamic capabilities enhancing SME adaptation, new product development, and environmental performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 63(5), 1978–2007. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2024.2418026
Tahat, G. (2021). Innovation Management to Sustain Competitive Advantage: A Qualitative Multi-Case Study. Research in Business and Management, 8(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5296/rbm.v8i1.18799
Valdez-Juárez, L. E., & Castillo-Vergara, M. (2021). Technological Capabilities, Open Innovation, and Eco-Innovation: Dynamic Capabilities to Increase Corporate Performance of SMEs. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010008
Valdez-Juárez, L. E., Ramos-Escobar, E. A., Hernández-Ponce, O. E., & Ruiz-Zamora, J. A. (2024). Digital transformation and innovation, dynamic capabilities to strengthen the financial performance of Mexican SMEs: a sustainable approach. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2318635
Van Hoang, D., Thi Hien, N., Van Thang, H., Nguyen Truc Phuong, P., & Thi-Thuy Duong, T. (2025). Digital Capabilities and Sustainable Competitive Advantages: The Case of Emerging Market Manufacturing SMEs. SAGE Open, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251329967
Vu, K. M., & Asongu, S. (2020). Backwardness advantage and economic growth in the information age: A cross-country empirical study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 159, 120197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120197
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Selfiyan Selfiyan, Eso Hernawan, Etty Herijawati

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright:
An author who publishes in Indonesian Journal of Islamic Ekonomics and Finance agrees to the following terms:
- Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
License:
-
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
-
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

.png)



