Transformation Early Childhood Education in Iraq: Challenges, Innovations, and Future Prospects
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Abstract
The article "Transformation Early Childhood Education in Iraq: Challenges, Innovations, and Future Prospects" provides a comprehensive analysis of the current landscape of early childhood education (ECE) in Iraq. Through a systematic literature review methodology, the study identifies and examines the major challenges facing ECE in Iraq, including inadequate funding, shortage of qualified educators, and cultural barriers. Moreover, the research explores innovative approaches and promising initiatives aimed at revitalizing ECE in Iraq, such as community-driven projects, technology-enabled solutions, and government-led reforms. By synthesizing empirical evidence with theoretical frameworks and situating the research within the socio-political context of Iraq, the analysis offers valuable insights for informing evidence-based decision-making and practice in the field of early childhood education. The study concludes with recommendations for future research, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies, intersectional analyses, and rigorous evaluations to drive meaningful change and foster equitable access to quality ECE for all children in Iraq.
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How to Cite
Saro’i, M., Sain, Z., Afriani, G., Azizah, S., & Rahma Pratiwi, E. (2024). Transformation Early Childhood Education in Iraq: Challenges, Innovations, and Future Prospects. Absorbent Mind: Journal of Psychology and Child Development, 4(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.37680/absorbent_mind.v4i1.4844
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Zarei, M. (2020). The water-energy-food nexus: A holistic approach for resource security in Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. Water-Energy Nexus, 3, 81–94.
Agustina, I., Siregar, L. A., Husain, D. L., Asfahani, A., & Pahmi, P. (2023). Utilization of Digital Technology in Children’s Education to Enhance Creative and Interactive Learning. At-Tarbawi: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial Dan Kebudayaan, 10(2), 276–283.
Albrecht, T. R., Varady, R. G., Zuniga-Teran, A. A., Gerlak, A. K., & Staddon, C. (2017). Governing a shared hidden resource: A review of governance mechanisms for transboundary groundwater security. Water Security, 2, 43–56.
Alsayegh, O. A. (2021). Barriers facing the transition toward sustainable energy system in Kuwait. Energy Strategy Reviews, 38, 100779.
Alsharif, N. Z., Khanfar, N. M., Brennan, L. F., Chahine, E. B., Al-Ghananeem, A. M., Retallick, J., Schaalan, M., & Sarhan, N. (2019). Cultural sensitivity and global pharmacy engagement in the Arab world. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 83(4), 7228.
Alvarez, K., Cervantes, P. E., Nelson, K. L., Seag, D. E. M., Horwitz, S. M., & Hoagwood, K. E. (2022). Structural racism, children’s mental health service systems, and recommendations for policy and practice change. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 61(9), 1087–1105.
Asfahani, A., Abdurahman, A., Krisnawati, N., & Prusty, A. (2022). Innovative Solutions for AI Contribution in Developing Socially Inclusive Education for Children. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Development, 1(2), 79–88.
Asfahani, A., El-Farra, S. A., & Iqbal, K. (2023). International Benchmarking of Teacher Training Programs: Lessons Learned from Diverse Education Systems. EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research, 1(2), 141–152.
Asfahani, A., Krisnawati, N., & Pandey, D. (2022). Educational Revolution through Studying the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Sustainable Development. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Development, 1(2), 59–67.
Aubert, A., Molina, S., Schubert, T., & Vidu, A. (2017). Learning and inclusivity via Interactive Groups in early childhood education and care in the Hope school, Spain. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 13, 90–103.
Harini, H., Wahyuningtyas, D. P., Sutrisno, S., Wanof, M. I., & Ausat, A. M. A. (2023). Marketing strategy for Early Childhood Education (ECE) schools in the digital age. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(3), 2742–2758.
Hussain, S., Ahonen, V., Karasu, T., & Leviäkangas, P. (2023). Sustainability of smart rural mobility and tourism: A key performance indicators-based approach. Technology in Society, 102287.
Kallio, K. P. (2019). Leading refugee lives together: Familial agency as a political capacity. Emotion, Space and Society, 32, 100541.
Krisnawati, N., Asfahani, A., & El-Farra, S. A. (2022). Impact of AI in Education and Social Development through Individual Empowerment. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Development, 1(2), 89–97.
Mâţă Liliana, Asfahani Asfahani, & Mariana Mariana. (2023). Comparative Analysis of Educational Policies: A Cross-Country Study on Access and Equity in Primary Education. EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research, 1(1), 19–28.
Nagdev, K., Rajesh, A., & Misra, R. (2021). The mediating impact of demonetisation on customer acceptance for IT-enabled banking services. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 16(1), 51–74.
Neuman, M. J., & Powers, S. (2021). Political prioritization of early childhood education in low-and middle-income countries. International Journal of Educational Development, 86, 102458.
O’Connor, J., Ludgate, S., Le, Q.-V., Le, H. T., & Huynh, P. D. P. (2023). Lessons from the pandemic: Teacher educators’ use of digital technologies and pedagogies in Vietnam before, during and after the Covid-19 lockdown. International Journal of Educational Development, 103(January), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102942
Raikes, A., Koziol, N., Davis, D., & Burton, A. (2020). Measuring quality of preprimary education in sub-Saharan Africa: Evaluation of the Measuring Early Learning Environments scale. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 53, 571–585.
Rifat, M., Ilham, I., Bayani, B., & Asfahani, A. (2023). Digital Transformation in Islamic Da’wah: Uncovering the Dynamics of 21st Century Communication. JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah, 8(3), 2933–2941.
Rohman, A., Asfahani, A., & Iqbal, K. (2023). Comprehensive Analysis of AI’s Contribution to Global Economic Development. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Development, 2(2), 33–39.
Sağlamer, G., Tan, M. G., Çebi, P. D., Çağlayan, H., Gümüşoğlu, N. K., Poyraz, B., Öztan, E., Özdemir, İ., Tekcan, M., & Adak, N. (2018). Gendered patterns of higher education in Turkey: Advances and challenges. Women’s Studies International Forum, 66, 33–47.
Sain, Z. H., Asfahani, A., & Krisnawati, N. (2022). Utiliziation AI for Socially Responsive Education as a Path to Inclusive Development. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Development, 1(2), 69–78.
Salamé, L., Bogardi, J. J., Sebesvari, Z., Tockner, K., Yazici, B., Turan, F., Calli, B., Kerç, A., Ünver, O., & Walz, Y. (2021). Drivers, pressures and stressors: The societal framework of water resources management. In Handbook of Water Resources Management: Discourses, Concepts and Examples (pp. 329–364). Springer.
Saraji, M. K., & Streimikiene, D. (2023). Challenges to the low carbon energy transition: A systematic literature review and research agenda. Energy Strategy Reviews, 49, 101163.
Sodiq, A., Baloch, A. A. B., Khan, S. A., Sezer, N., Mahmoud, S., Jama, M., & Abdelaal, A. (2019). Towards modern sustainable cities: Review of sustainability principles and trends. Journal of Cleaner Production, 227, 972–1001.
Thow, A. M., Verma, G., Soni, D., Soni, D., Beri, D. K., Kumar, P., Siegel, K. R., Shaikh, N., & Khandelwal, S. (2018). How can health, agriculture and economic policy actors work together to enhance the external food environment for fruit and vegetables? A qualitative policy analysis in India. Food Policy, 77, 143–151.
Vergani, F. (2024). Higher education institutions as a microcosm of the circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140592.
Waham, J. J., Asfahani, A., & Ulfa, R. A. (2023). International Collaboration in Higher Education: Challenges and Opportunities in a Globalized World. EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research, 1(1), 49–60.
Yoshikawa, H., Wuermli, A. J., Raikes, A., Kim, S., & Kabay, S. B. (2018). Toward high‐quality early childhood development programs and policies at national scale: Directions for research in global contexts. Social Policy Report, 31(1), 1–36.
Zarei, M. (2020). The water-energy-food nexus: A holistic approach for resource security in Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. Water-Energy Nexus, 3, 81–94.