The Role of Forensic Science in Proving Murder Cases at the Investigation Stage
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Jul 1, 2023
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Abstract
Forensics is a science that has a crucial role in the judicial process through examination and collection of physical evidence found at crime scenes. The involvement of forensic experts at crime scenes usually occurs in significant cases, where they are only called upon request from the authorities. This study aims to study the role of forensic medicine in helping investigators find material truth in murder cases, as well as identify possible obstacles. Through a library legal research and descriptive approach, secondary data such as legal documents and literature are analyzed to provide a clear and detailed picture of role of forensic science in assisting investigators in finding the material truth in murder cases and asserting the obstacle of it. The results showed that forensic medicine has a crucial role in uncovering material truths and providing legitimate evidence in murder cases. However, lack of coordination between law enforcement officials and forensic doctors can be an obstacle. Therefore, good cooperation and coordination between law enforcement officials and forensic doctors is the key to success in handling this case. The principle of justice must be upheld in the investigation process.
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How to Cite
Arif, M., Abdaud, F., & Huzaiman, H. (2023). The Role of Forensic Science in Proving Murder Cases at the Investigation Stage. AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial Islam, 5(1), 1019-1024. https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v5i1.2989
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Rachmad, A. (2019). Peranan Laboratorium Forensik Dalam Mengungkap Tindak Pidana Pada Tingkat Penyidikan. Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan, 14(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v14i1.1078
Rachmie, S. (2020). Peranan Ilmu Digital Forensik Terhadap Penyidikan Kasus Peretasan Website. Litigasi, 21(21), 104–127. https://doi.org/10.23969/litigasi.v21i1.2388
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Sutton, L., & Byrd, J. (2020). An introduction to postmortem interval estimation in medicolegal death investigations. WIREs Forensic Science, 2(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1373
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Winardi, M., & Wahyuni, T. (2015). Kedudukan Visum et Repertum Sebagai Alat Bukti Surat. Jurnal Verstek, 3(1), 55–66.
Yolanda, E. E. (2018). Kekuatan Pembuktian Tes DNA dan Visum Et Repertum Tulang Kerangka Korban Pembunuhan Yang Disertai dengan Tindak Pidana Lain (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor: 21/Pid.B/2016/PN Wng). Jurnal Verstek, 6(1), 75–84.
Afandi, D. (2018). Medicolegal study of sexual violence cases in Pekanbaru, Indonesia: prevalence, pattern, and Indonesian legal framework. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41935-018-0067-5
Baskin, D., & Sommers, I. (2010). The influence of forensic evidence on the case outcomes of homicide incidents. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(6), 1141–1149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.09.002
Bhateja, S., Surabhi, Malhotra, T., & Arora, G. (2020). Virtopsy: an aid in forensic investigation. IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences, 4(4), 95–98. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2019.021
Dani, R., Nawi, S., & Halid, H. (2020). Kekuatan Hukum Hasil Uji Balistik Dalam Pembuktian Perkara Pidana Pembunuhan Berencana. Journal of Lex Generalis (JLG), 3(3), 404–417. Retrieved from http://pasca-umi.ac.id/index.php/jlg/article/view/179
Dimas, M. (2018). Peranan Ahli Toksikologi Dalam Memberikan Keterangan Kepada Penyidik Kepolisian Untuk Mengungkap Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Dengan Menggunakan … (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara). Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. Retrieved from http://repository.umsu.ac.id/handle/123456789/10168%0Ahttp://repository.umsu.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/10168/SKRIPSI.pdf?sequence=1
Fatha Pringgar, R., & Sujatmiko, B. (2020). Penelitian Kepustakaan (Library Research) Modul Pembelajaran Berbasis Augmented Reality pada Pembelajaran Siswa. Jurnal IT-EDU, 05(01), 317–329.
Ferreira Silva, R., Fortes Picoli, F., de Lucena Botelho, T., Gomes Resende, R., & Franco, A. (2017). Forensic Identification of Decomposed Human Body through Comparison between Ante-Mortem and Post-Mortem CT Images of Frontal Sinuses: Case Report. Acta Stomatologica Croatica, 51(3), 227–231. https://doi.org/10.15644/asc51/3/6
Gopalakrishnan, H., Syukriani, Y., & Setiawati, E. (2016). Forensic Experts′ Opinion Regarding Clinical Forensic Medicine Practice in Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine, 2(2), 85–90. https://doi.org/10.4103/2349-5014.184193
Hatta, M., Zulfan, & Srimulyani. (2019). Autopsi ditinjau dari perspekif hukum positif Indonesia dan hukum Islam. Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan, 19(1), 27–51. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v19i1.27-51
Henky, Utami, P. A. D. P. L., & Yulianti, K. (2020). Memperkirakan Interval Waktu Kematian Dengan Analisis Kekeruhan Kornea Berdasarkan Model Warna Rgb Pada Jenazah Di Rsup Sanglah. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana, 9(12), 41–47. Retrieved from https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/71233/38723
Iskandar, O., & Suwanda, N. H. (2019). Peranan Ilmu Forensik Dalam Pengungkapan Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Fisik Dalam Lingkup Rumah Tangga Yang Dilakukan Istri Terhadap Suami. Krtha Bhayangkara, 13(1), 100–113. https://doi.org/10.31599/krtha.v13i1.16
Monita, Y., & Wahyudhi, D. (2013). Peranan Dokter Forensik Dalam Pembuktian Perkara Pidana. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum , 6(7), 127–141.
Mutmainnah, J., Rahman, S., & Asmar, A. R. (2019). Kekuatan Sidik Jari Sebagai Alat Bukti Petunjuk Dalam Mengungkapkan Tindak Pidana Pencurian. Alauddin Law Develompent (ALDEV), 1(November 2019), 26–36. Retrieved from http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/aldev/article/view/11895/7664
Nurmalasari, Y., & Erdiantoro, R. (2020). Perencanaan Dan Keputusan Karier: Konsep Krusial Dalam Layanan BK Karier. Quanta, 4(1), 44–51. https://doi.org/10.22460/q.v1i1p1-10.497
Nuzununulriyanti, R. (2018). Fungsi Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik Dalam Mengungkapkan Kasus Pembunuhan Terhadap Ibu dan Anak. In Skripsi. Bandar Lampung. Retrieved from http://digilib.unila.ac.id/31263/16/3. SKRIPSI FULL TANPA BAB PEMBAHASAN.pdf
Prasetyo, Y., Febriansyah, F. I., Indiantoro, Absori, & Praja, C. B. E. (2020). Forensic medicine in indonesia: The application of visum et repertum in case resolution. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 14(4), 4100–4105. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12283
Rachmad, A. (2019). Peranan Laboratorium Forensik Dalam Mengungkap Tindak Pidana Pada Tingkat Penyidikan. Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan, 14(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v14i1.1078
Rachmie, S. (2020). Peranan Ilmu Digital Forensik Terhadap Penyidikan Kasus Peretasan Website. Litigasi, 21(21), 104–127. https://doi.org/10.23969/litigasi.v21i1.2388
Raspati, L. (2012). Keberadaan Ahli dan Implikasi Negatifnya terhadap Asas Peradilan Cepat, Sederhana dan Biaya Ringan (Suatu Kritik terhadap Pemeriksaan Ahli dalam Peradilan Pidana di Indonesia). Negara Hukum, 3(2), 249–274.
Sutton, L., & Byrd, J. (2020). An introduction to postmortem interval estimation in medicolegal death investigations. WIREs Forensic Science, 2(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1373
Ulan, V. M., Priyana, P., Hukum, F., & Karawang, U. S. (2021). Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Terhadap Perawat Rs Siloam Melalui Alat Bukti Forensik. JUSTITIA : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Humaniora, 8(6), 1488–1499.
Winardi, M., & Wahyuni, T. (2015). Kedudukan Visum et Repertum Sebagai Alat Bukti Surat. Jurnal Verstek, 3(1), 55–66.
Yolanda, E. E. (2018). Kekuatan Pembuktian Tes DNA dan Visum Et Repertum Tulang Kerangka Korban Pembunuhan Yang Disertai dengan Tindak Pidana Lain (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor: 21/Pid.B/2016/PN Wng). Jurnal Verstek, 6(1), 75–84.