Marriage Agreement on Common Property in Marriage (Comparative Study of Indonesia and The United States)
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
This article compares Indonesia and the United States to discuss a prenuptial agreement for joint marital assets. Indonesia adheres to a civil law legal system by basing prenuptial agreement on Article 29 of the Marriage Law. Meanwhile, the United States, which adheres to a standard legal system, implements the Uniform Premarital and Marital Agreements Act (UPMAA). The research method used in this writing is legal research with a statutory approach and a comparative approach. The results of this research are the reasons for making a prenuptial agreement, among others, because the agreement will facilitate the division of assets, which will benefit both parties in the event of a divorce and as a step to prevent conflicts from arising in the future. The difference between prenuptial agreements between Indonesia and the United States is that for prenuptial agreements in Indonesia, each couple can freely determine the contents of the prenuptial agreement as long as it does not conflict with law, religion, decency, decency, or public order. Meanwhile, in the United States, each couple has specific restrictions regarding what can and cannot be written in the prenuptial agreement. So, freedom in making prenuptial agreements is still bound and limited to specific points.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright:
An author who publishes in Al-Manhaj agrees to the following terms:
- Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
License:
-
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Handayani, W., & Cahyaningsih, D. (2024). Marriage Agreement on Common Property in Marriage (Comparative Study of Indonesia and The United States). AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial Islam, 6(2), 311-324. https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v6i2.4617
References
Alvira Damayanti, & Yunanto. (2024). Legal Certainty of Marriage Agreements Made Before Marriage and Their Implications After Divorce. Sociological Jurisprudence Journal, 7(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.22225/scj.7.1.2024.15-22
Anam, K. (2019). Studi Makna Perkawinan Dalam Persepektif Hukum Di Indonesia (Komparasi Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Per) Dengan Komplikasi Hukum Islam. Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Tulungagung, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.36563 /yustitiabelen.v5i1.214
Andreevna, A. B., Anatol’evna, S. B., Nikolaevna, A. S., Chudeyevich, A. I., & Victorovna, D. N. (2020). Prenuptial Agreement: Concept And Characteristics. European Publisher: European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences, 3571–3577. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.05.474
Ani, N. K., Budiartha, I. N. P., & Widiati, I. A. P. (2021). Perjanjian Perkawinan Sebagai Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Harta Bersama Akibat Perceraian. Jurnal Analogi Hukum, 3(1), 17–21. https://doi.org/10.22225/ah.3.1.2021.17-21
Ardhya, S. N., & Mertha Sujana, I. P. W. (2021). Konsekuensi Yuridis Berlakunya Perjanjian Perkawinan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015. Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum (JKH), 7(1), 295. https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v7i1.31493
Assidik, A., & Gassing, A. Q. (2019). Prenuptial Agreement Atau Perjanjian Pra Nikah. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam, 1(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24252/qadauna.v1i1.11424
Aufia, A., Kenotariatan, M., & Hukum, F. (2024). Peran Notaris Dalam Pengesahan Perjanjian Pranikah. Deposisi: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Hukum, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.59581/deposisi.v2i2.3032
Beauliu, C. (2024). Prenuptial agreements: What they can and cannot protect. Legal Zoom. https://www.legalzoom.com/articles/prenuptial-agreements-what-they-can-and-cannot-protect
Bell, J. (2018). Sources of law. In Cambridge Law Journal (Vol. 77, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008197318000053
Djuniarti, E. (2017). Hukum Harta Bersama Ditinjau dari Perspektif Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan KUH Perdata. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, 17(4), 445. https://doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2017.v17.445-461
Driscoll, B. (2022). Prenuptial Agreement: What Is A Prenup & How Do I Get One? Forbes Advisor. https://www.forbes.com/advisor/legal/divorce/prenuptial-agreement/
Dwinopianti, E. (2017). Implikasi dan Akibat Hukum Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/Puu-Xiii/2015 terhadap Pembuatan Akta Perjanjian Perkawinan Setelah Kawin yang Dibuat di Hadapan Notaris. Jurnal Lex Renaissance, 2(1), 16–34. https://doi.org/10.20885/jlr.vol2.iss1.art2
Faradilla Asyatama, & Ridwan, F. H. (2021). Analisis Perjanjian Perkawinan Menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan Di Indonesia. Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 5(2), 109–122. https://doi.org/10.30656/ajudikasi.v5i2.3937
Fatnisary, R. (2021). Perjanjian Kawin Selain Mengenai Harta Perkawinan Berdasarkan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak (Studi Banding Dengan Negara Amerika Serikat). Indonesian Notary, 3, 35. https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/notary/vol3/iss1/35
Giyanthi, P. I. S., Budiartha, I. N. P., Budiartha, I. N. P., & Ujianti, N. M. P. (2022). Status Hukum Harta Perkawinan Jika Terjadi Kepailitan Suami/Istri Tanpa Adanya Perjanjian Kawin. Jurnal Preferensi Hukum, 3(1), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.22225/jph.3.1.4621.37-41
Hartono, H. (2020). Roles of Notary in Drawing Up Marriage Agreement After Constitutional Court Decision Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015. Prophetic Law Review, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.20885/plr.vol2.iss2.art4
Iswantoro, I. (2019). Penyelesaian Sengketa Harta Perkawinan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/Puu-Xiii/2015. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 11(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2018.11104
Jibril, M., Melodia Puji Inggarwati, I Wayan Bhayu Eka Pratama, Antonius Prabu Soeryo Legowo, & Mario Jon Jordi. (2023). Jurisprudence as a Source of Law in Indonesia: Lessons from the Common Law. Jurnal Jurisprudence, 13(1), 130–146. https://doi.org/10.23917/jurisprudence.v13i1.1967
Kagan, J. (2024). Prenuptial Agreement: What it is, How it Works. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/prenuptialagreement.asp
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. (n.d.).
Leeson, P. T., & Pierson, J. (2016). Prenups. The Journal of Legal Studies, 45(June). https://www.jstor.org/stable/26458535
Malik, A. (2024). The Necessity of a Standard Prenuptial Agreement for American Muslims. Journal of Islamic Faith and Practice, 5(1), 31–52. https://doi.org/10.18060/28093
Mangarengi, A. A., & Hanza, Y. A. (2021). The Position of the Marriage Law on Interfaith Marriages Abroad. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 3(1), 65–83. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v3i1.127
Manullang, L., & Sudiro, A. (2023). Legal Consequences of Making a Deed of Marriage Agreement by a Notary Who Has Not Been Registered. Jurnal Usm Law Review, 6(3), 1170. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v6i3.7338
Masri, E., & Wahyuni, S. (2021). Implementasi Perjanjian Perkawinan Sebelum, Saat Dan Sesudah Perkawinan. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 21(1), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.31599/jki.v21i1.310
Nandapratiwi, Z. A., Nugraheni, A. S. C., & Maharani, A. E. P. (2022). A Juridical Analysis of Abroad Interfaith Marriage's Position in Indonesia's Law. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 1(10), 1242–1249. https://doi.org/10.55324/iss.v1i10.230
Novany, Nadia. Putra, M. F. M. (2007). Akibat Hukum Perjanjian Perkawinan Yang Dibuat Pasca Perkawinan Yang Tidak Diumumkan, Yang Berakibat Terhadap Kerugian Pihak Ketiga. Recital Review, 76y(77), 67–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558907/
Novita Sari, F., & Ma’ruf, U. (2017). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Harta Dalam Akta Perjanjian Kawin Yang Dibuat Oleh Notaris Bagi Warga Negara Indonesia Yang Beragama Islam. Jurnal Akta, 4(2), 265. https://doi.org/10.30659/akta.v4i2.1796
Oktaber, Y. (2023). Implementation National Agreements in the Division of Collective Property in the Time of Divorce. Indonesia Private Law Review, 4(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2945
Rahman, S., Qamar, N., & Kamran, M. (2020). Efektivitas Pembagian Harta Bersama Pasca Perceraian: Studi Kasus Perkawinan Poligami. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 1(2), 104–118. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v1i2.60
Rimi, A. M. (2023). The Position of Premarital Property and Joint Property after Divorce: A Study of Premarital Agreement. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 376–387. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v4i2.226
Royani, E., Nortjahjo, A., Sobirov, B., & Triana, A. (2024). Juridical Review of Prenuptial Agreements. Awang Long Law Review, 6(2), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v6i2.1168
Ryznar, M. (2017). An Empirical Study of Property Divisions at Divorce. Pace Law Review, 37(2), 589. https://doi.org/10.58948/2331-3528.1947
Sarizal, Darmawan, & Mahfud Abdullah. (2019). The Position Of Marriage Agreement Towords Separation Of Joint Assets After Conducting Marriage Related To Constitutional Court Decision NUMBER 69/PUU-XIII/2015 Concerning The Periode Of Making Marriage Agreement. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala, 3(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24815/sklj.v3i2.12168
Sembiring, A. N., Sinaga, A. K., & Hariandja, S. B. (2019). Analisis Yuridis Batalnya Perjanjian Pra- Nikah Dalam Perkawinan Campuran. Jurnal Darma Agung, 27(1), 774. https://doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v27i1.132
Sinaga, D. (2020). Implikasi Yuridis Terkait Peran Notaris Dalam Pengesahan Perjanjian Perkawinan Di Indonesia Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/Puu-Xiii/2015. De’Rechtsstaat, 6(2), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.30997/jhd.v6i2.2648
Sopiyan, M. (2023). Analisis Perjanjian Perkawinan Dan Akibatnya Menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan Di Indonesia. Misykat Al-Anwar Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Masyarakat, 6(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.24853/ma.6.2.175-190
Tutik, T. T. (2006). Pengantar Hukum Perdata di Indonesia. In Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka. Prestasi Pustaka Publisher.
Undang Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan. (2019). In Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia (Vol. 2, Issue 006265, pp. 2–6). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/122740/uu-no-16-tahun-2019
Uniform Premarital and Marital Agreements Act (UPMAA). (n.d.).
Anam, K. (2019). Studi Makna Perkawinan Dalam Persepektif Hukum Di Indonesia (Komparasi Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Per) Dengan Komplikasi Hukum Islam. Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Tulungagung, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.36563 /yustitiabelen.v5i1.214
Andreevna, A. B., Anatol’evna, S. B., Nikolaevna, A. S., Chudeyevich, A. I., & Victorovna, D. N. (2020). Prenuptial Agreement: Concept And Characteristics. European Publisher: European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences, 3571–3577. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.05.474
Ani, N. K., Budiartha, I. N. P., & Widiati, I. A. P. (2021). Perjanjian Perkawinan Sebagai Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Harta Bersama Akibat Perceraian. Jurnal Analogi Hukum, 3(1), 17–21. https://doi.org/10.22225/ah.3.1.2021.17-21
Ardhya, S. N., & Mertha Sujana, I. P. W. (2021). Konsekuensi Yuridis Berlakunya Perjanjian Perkawinan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015. Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum (JKH), 7(1), 295. https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v7i1.31493
Assidik, A., & Gassing, A. Q. (2019). Prenuptial Agreement Atau Perjanjian Pra Nikah. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam, 1(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24252/qadauna.v1i1.11424
Aufia, A., Kenotariatan, M., & Hukum, F. (2024). Peran Notaris Dalam Pengesahan Perjanjian Pranikah. Deposisi: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Hukum, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.59581/deposisi.v2i2.3032
Beauliu, C. (2024). Prenuptial agreements: What they can and cannot protect. Legal Zoom. https://www.legalzoom.com/articles/prenuptial-agreements-what-they-can-and-cannot-protect
Bell, J. (2018). Sources of law. In Cambridge Law Journal (Vol. 77, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008197318000053
Djuniarti, E. (2017). Hukum Harta Bersama Ditinjau dari Perspektif Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan KUH Perdata. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, 17(4), 445. https://doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2017.v17.445-461
Driscoll, B. (2022). Prenuptial Agreement: What Is A Prenup & How Do I Get One? Forbes Advisor. https://www.forbes.com/advisor/legal/divorce/prenuptial-agreement/
Dwinopianti, E. (2017). Implikasi dan Akibat Hukum Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/Puu-Xiii/2015 terhadap Pembuatan Akta Perjanjian Perkawinan Setelah Kawin yang Dibuat di Hadapan Notaris. Jurnal Lex Renaissance, 2(1), 16–34. https://doi.org/10.20885/jlr.vol2.iss1.art2
Faradilla Asyatama, & Ridwan, F. H. (2021). Analisis Perjanjian Perkawinan Menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan Di Indonesia. Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 5(2), 109–122. https://doi.org/10.30656/ajudikasi.v5i2.3937
Fatnisary, R. (2021). Perjanjian Kawin Selain Mengenai Harta Perkawinan Berdasarkan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak (Studi Banding Dengan Negara Amerika Serikat). Indonesian Notary, 3, 35. https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/notary/vol3/iss1/35
Giyanthi, P. I. S., Budiartha, I. N. P., Budiartha, I. N. P., & Ujianti, N. M. P. (2022). Status Hukum Harta Perkawinan Jika Terjadi Kepailitan Suami/Istri Tanpa Adanya Perjanjian Kawin. Jurnal Preferensi Hukum, 3(1), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.22225/jph.3.1.4621.37-41
Hartono, H. (2020). Roles of Notary in Drawing Up Marriage Agreement After Constitutional Court Decision Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015. Prophetic Law Review, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.20885/plr.vol2.iss2.art4
Iswantoro, I. (2019). Penyelesaian Sengketa Harta Perkawinan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/Puu-Xiii/2015. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 11(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2018.11104
Jibril, M., Melodia Puji Inggarwati, I Wayan Bhayu Eka Pratama, Antonius Prabu Soeryo Legowo, & Mario Jon Jordi. (2023). Jurisprudence as a Source of Law in Indonesia: Lessons from the Common Law. Jurnal Jurisprudence, 13(1), 130–146. https://doi.org/10.23917/jurisprudence.v13i1.1967
Kagan, J. (2024). Prenuptial Agreement: What it is, How it Works. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/prenuptialagreement.asp
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. (n.d.).
Leeson, P. T., & Pierson, J. (2016). Prenups. The Journal of Legal Studies, 45(June). https://www.jstor.org/stable/26458535
Malik, A. (2024). The Necessity of a Standard Prenuptial Agreement for American Muslims. Journal of Islamic Faith and Practice, 5(1), 31–52. https://doi.org/10.18060/28093
Mangarengi, A. A., & Hanza, Y. A. (2021). The Position of the Marriage Law on Interfaith Marriages Abroad. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 3(1), 65–83. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v3i1.127
Manullang, L., & Sudiro, A. (2023). Legal Consequences of Making a Deed of Marriage Agreement by a Notary Who Has Not Been Registered. Jurnal Usm Law Review, 6(3), 1170. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v6i3.7338
Masri, E., & Wahyuni, S. (2021). Implementasi Perjanjian Perkawinan Sebelum, Saat Dan Sesudah Perkawinan. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 21(1), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.31599/jki.v21i1.310
Nandapratiwi, Z. A., Nugraheni, A. S. C., & Maharani, A. E. P. (2022). A Juridical Analysis of Abroad Interfaith Marriage's Position in Indonesia's Law. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 1(10), 1242–1249. https://doi.org/10.55324/iss.v1i10.230
Novany, Nadia. Putra, M. F. M. (2007). Akibat Hukum Perjanjian Perkawinan Yang Dibuat Pasca Perkawinan Yang Tidak Diumumkan, Yang Berakibat Terhadap Kerugian Pihak Ketiga. Recital Review, 76y(77), 67–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558907/
Novita Sari, F., & Ma’ruf, U. (2017). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Harta Dalam Akta Perjanjian Kawin Yang Dibuat Oleh Notaris Bagi Warga Negara Indonesia Yang Beragama Islam. Jurnal Akta, 4(2), 265. https://doi.org/10.30659/akta.v4i2.1796
Oktaber, Y. (2023). Implementation National Agreements in the Division of Collective Property in the Time of Divorce. Indonesia Private Law Review, 4(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2945
Rahman, S., Qamar, N., & Kamran, M. (2020). Efektivitas Pembagian Harta Bersama Pasca Perceraian: Studi Kasus Perkawinan Poligami. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 1(2), 104–118. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v1i2.60
Rimi, A. M. (2023). The Position of Premarital Property and Joint Property after Divorce: A Study of Premarital Agreement. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 376–387. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v4i2.226
Royani, E., Nortjahjo, A., Sobirov, B., & Triana, A. (2024). Juridical Review of Prenuptial Agreements. Awang Long Law Review, 6(2), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v6i2.1168
Ryznar, M. (2017). An Empirical Study of Property Divisions at Divorce. Pace Law Review, 37(2), 589. https://doi.org/10.58948/2331-3528.1947
Sarizal, Darmawan, & Mahfud Abdullah. (2019). The Position Of Marriage Agreement Towords Separation Of Joint Assets After Conducting Marriage Related To Constitutional Court Decision NUMBER 69/PUU-XIII/2015 Concerning The Periode Of Making Marriage Agreement. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala, 3(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24815/sklj.v3i2.12168
Sembiring, A. N., Sinaga, A. K., & Hariandja, S. B. (2019). Analisis Yuridis Batalnya Perjanjian Pra- Nikah Dalam Perkawinan Campuran. Jurnal Darma Agung, 27(1), 774. https://doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v27i1.132
Sinaga, D. (2020). Implikasi Yuridis Terkait Peran Notaris Dalam Pengesahan Perjanjian Perkawinan Di Indonesia Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/Puu-Xiii/2015. De’Rechtsstaat, 6(2), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.30997/jhd.v6i2.2648
Sopiyan, M. (2023). Analisis Perjanjian Perkawinan Dan Akibatnya Menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan Di Indonesia. Misykat Al-Anwar Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Masyarakat, 6(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.24853/ma.6.2.175-190
Tutik, T. T. (2006). Pengantar Hukum Perdata di Indonesia. In Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka. Prestasi Pustaka Publisher.
Undang Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan. (2019). In Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia (Vol. 2, Issue 006265, pp. 2–6). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/122740/uu-no-16-tahun-2019
Uniform Premarital and Marital Agreements Act (UPMAA). (n.d.).