Regulasi Dispensasi dalam Penguatan Aturan Batas Usia Kawin bagi Anak Pasca Lahirnya UU No. 16 Tahun 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v2i2.478Keywords:
Marriage dispensation; Age limit for marriage, Marriage lawAbstract
After the revision of the Marriage Law, there was a significant increase in the number of marriage dispensation requests. This is due to the age limit for marriage for women who were raised to 19 years. Changes to the regulation were made to overcome the emergencies of child marriages that occurred in Indonesia. Unfortunately, the increase in the number of dispensation requests was not accompanied by strict rules, so that the majority was granted by the judge. Existing rules, both Law No. 16 of 2019 and PERMA No. 5 of 2019 has a legal loophole that makes marriage dispensation permits still wide open using any reason. This means that the practice of underage marriages after the revision of the Marriage Law will continue to occur if the existing rules do not legitimize the reasons behind submitting a marriage dispensation request. The reasons for submitting a dispensation request must be limited to reasons that are very urgent to avoid multiple interpretations. Therefore, there is a need for rules on dispensation that clearly state the main reasons which can be submitted by the parties and also which can be granted by the judge. This is intended to create legal certainty and minimize the practice of underage marriages that occur due to the dispensation of marriage.
Pasca revisi Undang-Undang Perkawinan, terjadi kenaikan angka yang signifikan terhadap jumlah permohonan dispensasi kawin. Hal ini disebabkan oleh batas usia kawin bagi wanita yang dinaikkan menjadi 19 tahun. Perubahan regulasi tersebut dilakukan untuk mengatasi kondisi darurat perkawinan anak yang terjadi di Indonesia. Sayangnya, kenaikan jumlah permohonan dispensasi tidak dibarengi dengan aturan yang ketat, sehingga mayoritas justru dikabulkan oleh hakim. Aturan yang telah ada, baik UU No. 16 Tahun 2019 maupun PERMA No. 5 Tahun 2019 memiliki celah hukum yang membuat izin dispensasi kawin masih terbuka lebar dengan menggunakan alasan apapun. Artinya, praktek perkawinan di bawah umur pasca revisi UU Perkawinan akan terus menerus terjadi jika aturan yang ada tidak melimitisasi alasan di balik pengajuan permohonan dispensasi kawin. Alasan pengajuan permohonan dispensasi harus dibatasi pada alasan yang sifatnya sangat mendesak untuk menghindari multitafsir. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya aturan tentang dispensasi yang menyebutkan secara jelas mengenai alasan pokok yang dapat diajukan oleh para pihak dan juga yang dapat dikabulkan oleh hakim. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk menciptakan kepastian hukum dan meminimalisir praktek perkawinan di bawah umur yang terjadi akibat adanya dispensasi kawin.
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