From Protection to Justification: Distorting Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in Child Marriage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v8i1.9607Keywords:
Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah; Child Marriage; Pseudo-MaqāṣidAbstract
This article investigates the distortion of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah within the practice of child marriage in Indonesia, where a normative framework intended to safeguard protection is increasingly reinterpreted as a mechanism for social legitimation. This research seeks to critically examine the selective deployment of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah in judicial decisions on marriage dispensation and to uncover internal tensions among the objectives of Islamic law concerning child welfare protection. We employ a normative legal research design using conceptual and case-based approaches drawing upon statutory regulations, court rulings, and both classical and contemporary maqāṣid literature. The findings reveal that judicial reasoning in dispensation cases tends to overemphasize the protection of honor (ḥifẓ al-‘ird) while marginalizing essential safeguards such as life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and intellect (ḥifẓ al-‘aql). This pattern produces a pseudo-maqāṣid phenomenon and reflects underlying power relations in legal construction shaped by prevailing social pressures. This study concludes that a methodological reconstruction is required for the application of maqāṣid through a hierarchical and contextual framework that prioritizes child protection, ensuring that Islamic law operates as an instrument of substantive justice rather than mere normative legitimacy within the Indonesian judicial practice.
References
Abd. Rahman, Kurniati Kurniati, Z. M. (2026). Application of Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah in Judges’ Decisions: An Analysis of Substantive Justice in Religious Courts. Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Humaniora, 5(2), 1641–1657. 10.58578/ahkam.v5i2.10027
Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. CV Syakir Media Press.
Ahyani, S. (2016). Pertimbangan Pengadilan Agama Atas Dispensasi Pernikahan Usia Dini Akibat Kehamilan di Luar Nikah. Jurnal Wawasan Yuridika, 34(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.25072/jwy.v34i1.107
Ajmal, M., Sadheer Khan (Mufti Muhammad Hassan), A. U. Din K. (2025). A thematic study of the Hadith "La darar wa la dirar" regarding environmental balance. J o u r n a l o f R e l i g i o n & S o c i e t Y, 4(1), 770–774. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17102163
Al Hasan, F. A., & Yusup, D. K. (2021). Dispensasi Kawin dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia: Menjamin Kepentingan Terbaik Anak melalui Putusan Hakim. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 14(1), 86–98. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2021.14107
Andriantama Mahendra, L., & Alfian, M. (2023). Tinjauan Yuridis Dispensasi Kawin sebagai Upaya Perlindungan Perkawinan di Bawah Umur (Studi Putusan Perkara Nomor 166/Pdt.P/2020/PA.Pwr). Eksaminasi: Jurnal Hukum, 3(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.37729/eksaminasi.v3i1.1771
Arif Maulana, U. S. (2024). Telaah Prinsip Kafa’ah dalam Hadis tentang Kriteria Memilih Calon Pasangan (Pendekatan Kaidah al-‘Adatu Muhakkamah). Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ushuluddin, 4(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpiu.v4i1.31723
Athar Maulana, Lily Andayani, Z. I. (2025). Analisis Yuridis Pemberian Dispensasi Kawin Kepada Anak Menurut Pedoman Mengadili Permohonan Dispensasi Kawin dalam Perlindungan Anak. Rechtswetenschap Jurnal Mahasiswa Hukum, 2(2), 1–17. doi: https://doi.org/10.36859/rechtswetenschap.v2i2.3928
Bagus, M., Rohmat, A. K. A., & Sari, H. N. (2021). Derivasi Konsep Hak Asasi Manusia terhadap Penyetaraan Posisi Anak Melalui Pendekatan Affirmative Action. Al-Qanun: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pembaharuan Hukum Islam, 24(1), 59–84. https://doi.org/10.15642/alqanun.2021.24.1.59-84
Dita Aprilianti, M. (2024). Analis Yuridis Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Dispensasi Kawin Akibat Kehamilan (Studi Putusan Pa Singkawang Nomor 34/Pdt.P/2020/Pa.Skw). Khatulistiwa Law Review, 5(2), 84–97. doi: https://doi.org/10.24260/klr.v5i2.5074
Elvina Jahwa, Desi Pitriani Siregar, M. Riski Harahap, Ihsan Mubarak, & Ali Akbar. (2024). Konsep Perkawinan dalam Hukum Islam dan Hukum Nasional di Indonesia. Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(1), 1692–1705.
Esen, A. (2017). An Overview of Economic Policy of “Injury (Damage) May Not Be Met By Injury in Islam”. (La Darar Wa-La Dırar Fi’l-Islam). International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 3(1), 40–59.
Evy Septiana. (2022). Relasi Maqashid Syariah dan Moderasi Beragama dalam Problematika Hukum Keluarga. Moderatio: Jurnal Moderasi Beragama, 2(2), 27–37. doi: https://doi.org/10.32332/moderatio.v2i2.5698
Forbes, M., Hwang, J. D., Shwartz, V., Sap, M., & Choi, Y. (2020). Social chemistry 101: Learning to Reason About Social and Moral Norms. EMNLP 2020 - 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Proceedings of the Conference, 16(1), 653–670. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.emnlp-main.48
Hidayat, T., & Azahari, R. (2020). The Concept of Istita’˜ah Al-Ba’ah in Marriage. Justicia Islamica: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Sosial, 17(2), 223–242. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v17i2.2090
Ikhsan, M., & Iskandar, A. (2021). Abu Ishaq Al-Syathibi and His Perspective on Maslahat. AT-TURAS: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 8(1), 60–73. https://doi.org/10.33650/at-turas.v8i1.1997
Jahar, A. S., Lubis, A. B., & Fahri, M. (2021). The Use of Maqasid al-Sharia in Maritime and National Resilience Context. Al-Risalah: Forum Kajian Hukum dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 21(1), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.30631/al-risalah.v21i1.657
Kambu, W. M. (2021). Tinjauan Yuridis Tentang Hak Asasi Manusia Berdasarkan Pasal 28D Ayat 3 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Lex Et Societatis, 9(1), 137–145. https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v9i1.32170
Khotimah, K., & Ula, D. M. (2023). Dampak Sistem Patriarki Terhadap Kehidupan Keluarga dan Anak. Triwikrama: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 01(11), 40–50.
Lenny Guspidawati, J. N. (2025). Reconstructing Marriage Agreements in Islamic Family Law: An Integrative Analysis of Fiqh, Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah, and Indonesian Positive Law. Jurnal Ushuluddin, 33(2), 636–652. https://doi.org/10.24014/Jush.v33i1.38552
Mahayogi, N. P. T. D., Widarini, N. P., & Dwipayanti, N. M. U. (2025). Perkawinan Anak di Lombok: Analisis Gender dan Dampaknya Terhadap Hak Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja. Prepotif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(2), 5808–5818. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i2.47692
Masduki, M. (2019). Kontekstualisasi Hadis Peminangan Perempuan terhadap Laki-Laki. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Hadis, 20(1), 62–80. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.2019.2001-04
Muhammad Mustaqim Roslan. (2023). Teori Hifz Al-Nafs dalam Maqasid Syariah : Analisis Pendalilan. Journal of Muwafaqat, 6(1), 1–13.
Najihatul Ulya, Muhammad Royhan Assaiq, R. F. (2025). Dinamika Usia Perkawinan dan Dispensasi Kawin di Indonesia Perspektif Hukum Positif dan Maqashid Syari’ah. Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam, 14(3), 1–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v14i3.28313
Nur, I., Adam, S., & Muttaqien, M. N. (2020). Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘at: The Main Reference and Ethical-Spiritual Foundation for the Dynamization Process of Islamic Law. Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 20(2), 331–360. doi: https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v20i2.18333
Nurbaeti, K., M. I. (2025). Analisis Empiris terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Agama Tentang Perkawinan Anak dalam Perspektif Pluralisme Hukum dan Maqasid Al-Syariah. Bustanul Fuqaha: Jurnal Bidang Hukum Islam, 6(3), 743–765. https://doi.org/10.36701/bustanul.v6i3.2674
Nurhikmah. (2024). Maqashid Al-Shariah: Kerangka Adaptif Hukum Islam untuk Menjawab Tantangan Kontemporer. Journal of Dual Legal Systems, 1(2), 103–117. https://doi.org/10.58824/jdls.v1i2.226
Putri, A. A., & Jansen, B. (2021). Dynamics of Reasonableness and Fairness in a Pluralistic Legal System: Perspectives from Adat, Islamic and Civil Inheritance Law. Yuridika, 36(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v36i1.19170
Rasito, & Mahendra, I. (2022). Moderasi Fiqih Melalui Pendekatan Maqasid al-Shari’ah Yusuf al-Qaradhawi. Al-Wasatiyyah: Journal of Religious Moderation, 1(1), 36–65. doi: https://doi.org/10.30631/jrm.v1i1.3
Riyandi Syafri. (2025). Penghapusan Stigma Anak di Luar Nikah dengan Pendekatan Hukum Islam Berbasis Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah. Ameena Journal, 3(2), 135–147. doi: 10.51601/ijersc.v5i1.772
Rizkiani, N., Anakaka, D. L., & Benu, J. M. Y. (2023). The Psychological Wellbeing of Young Women Entering into Child Marriages. Journal of Health and Behavioral Science, 5(2), 182–195. https://doi.org/10.35508/jhbs.v5i2.8253
Rodhi, O. P., Zamroni, M., & Supangkat, A. (2023). Problematika Dispensasi Kawin dalam Aspek Perlindungan Anak Dibawah Umur. Jurnal Reformasi Hukum : Cogito Ergo Sum, 6(2), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.51804/jrhces.v6i2.14299
Rohman, H. (2018). Maqasid Al-Syariâh Mazhab Syafi’i dan Urgensinya dalam Ijtihad Kontemporer. Jurnal Hukum Islam, 16(1), 188–204. https://doi.org/10.28918/jhi.v16i2.1737
Rohmawati, A. F. A. (2024). Seeking Justice in Islamic Legal Pluralism: The Dispute of Child Best Interests in Marriage Dispensation in Indonesia. Epistemé Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 19(2), 148–178. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2024.19.02.147-178
Rohmawati, & Siddik, S. (2022). Legal Protection for Children Born out of Wedlock: Ensuring the Best Interests of Children through Judge Decisions. Al-’Adalah, 19(2), 315–338. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v19i2.11761
Sakinah Azzahra Hsb, N. A. (2025). Between Nasab and Heirs: Examining the Status of the Surrogate Mother’s Child in Contemporary Islamic Law. Al-Maqasid: Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Keperdataan, 11(1), 198–209. https://doi.org/10.24952/almaasid.v11i1.14503
Syarifuddin, S. (2021). Maqāshid Syarī’ah Jasser Auda: Sebuah Sistem Pendekatan dalam Hukum Islam Kontemporer. Al-Mizan, 17(1), 27–42. https://doi.org/10.30603/am.v17i1.2061
Tajrid, A. (2021). Tracing the Genealogy of Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah Concept: A Historical Approach. Al-Ahkam, 31(1), 69–90. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2021.31.1.6696
Tohari, C., Fawwaz, H., & Swadjaja, I. (2022). The Ijtihad Construction of Islamic Law Based on the Maqāshid Al-Syarī'Ah Approach in the Indonesian Context. Prophetic Law Review, 4(2), 195–221. https://doi.org/10.20885/PLR.vol4.iss2.art4
Wahyuni, S. (2022). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak Luar Kawin dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia dan Konvensi Internasional. Journal HAM, 13(1), 55–72.
Wanto, D., & Hidayat, Rahmad, R. (2021). Maqasid Shariah's Change as Theory: From Classical to Contemporary Maqasid Shariah. Al-Istinbath Jurnal Hukum Islam, 6(2), 427–454. doi: https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v6i2.3122
Warsidi, S. U. K., S. (2025). Implementasi Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘ah dalam Pertimbangan Hakim pada Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah. Maqasid : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam, 14(3), 350–359. doi: https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v14i3.28691
Wiranto, M., & Akib, N. (2022). Larangan Mendekati Zina dalam QS. Al-Isra /173: 32 (Analisis Kajian Tahlil). El-Maqra Ilmu Al-Qur’an, Hadis dan Teologi, 2(1), 33–51. doi: https://doi.org/10.31332/elmaqra.v2i1.3989
Wulandari, S., Susanti, E., & Najidah, W. (2026). Penetapan Pengadilan dalam Pengetatan Dispensasi Kawin. Jurnal ISO: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora, 6(1), 1–13. doi: https://doi.org/10.53697/iso.v6i1.3835
Zulfa Mustaqimah. S, & Miftahur Rizik. (2024). Nilai-Nilai Parenting Islami dalam Qs an-Nisaa’ Ayat 9 Telaah Tafsir Al-Mishbah Karya Muhammad Quraish Shihab. Mikraf: Jurnal Pendidikan, 5(2), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.70338/mikraf.v5i2.160
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Nanang Meiske Kamba, Mutia Cherawaty Thalib, Waode Mustika, Moh. Taufiq Zulfikar Sarson
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright:
- Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
License:
-
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
