Social Vulnerability in the Perspective of Hadith: A Thematic Study of Prophetic Teachings on Social Stability

Abstract

Social vulnerability has become an increasingly complex phenomenon in contemporary society, characterized by poverty, social inequality, conflict, and the weakening of social solidarity. This study aims to examine the concept of social vulnerability from the perspective of hadith and to explore how prophetic teachings contribute to strengthening social stability. The research employs a library research method with a thematic hadith (maudhu‘i) approach. Data were collected from classical hadith collections as primary sources and supported by scholarly literature related to Islamic social ethics and social vulnerability. The collected hadith were analyzed through contextual analysis by considering their historical background and ethical implications. The findings show that prophetic teachings emphasize social solidarity, empathy, and communal responsibility as essential foundations for a stable society. Hadiths also highlight the importance of protecting vulnerable groups such as the poor, orphans, neighbors, and socially marginalized individuals. These teachings reflect broader ethical principles including social justice, economic fairness, and collective moral responsibility. The study concludes that prophetic ethics provides a normative framework that can contribute to addressing social vulnerability and promoting social stability in contemporary Muslim societies.