Epistomologi Sains di Era Kecerdasan Buatan

Menimbang Kebenaran Prediktif

Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning and deep learning, has brought significant changes to contemporary scientific practices. AI no longer functions solely as a computational tool, but plays an active role in the production, validation, and evaluation of scientific knowledge through data modelling and probabilistic inference. This development raises fundamental questions in the philosophy of science, particularly regarding the shift in the concept of scientific truth from the paradigm of empirical verification and causal explanation towards an approach based on prediction, mathematical approximation, and the management of uncertainty. This research aims to re-evaluate the status of scientific truth in the age of AI by philosophically analysing the relationship between uncertainty, computational knowledge, and scientific truth claims generated by AI models. The research method used is a qualitative study based on literature review and conceptual analysis of contemporary science and technology philosophy literature. The study results indicate that the integration of AI into scientific practice is driving a shift in the epistemology of science from a verifiative orientation towards a predictive epistemology that emphasises model reliability and instrumental validity. This research concludes that scientific truth in the AI era is more contextual and pragmatic, thus demanding an adaptive, reflective, and interdisciplinary framework for the epistemology of science. Theoretically, scientific truth in the age of artificial intelligence is more contextual, thus requiring an adaptive, reflective, and interdisciplinary framework for the epistemology of science as its main theoretical contribution.