Lakon Punakawan as a Form of Religious and Cultural Transformation of Javanese Community
Abstract
Wayang (puppet shows) for the Javanese people are a source of culture and tradition, philosophical values as well as religious teachings. It developed into a means of socio-cultural-religious transformation of da’wah, especially for Sunan Kalijaga. In the wayang, some lakon (plays, scenes, episodes) are taken from the epic story of the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and other ancient literatures. Meanwhile, wayang characters that resonate the Javanese people are Punakawan. The cultural and religious transformation brought by the lakon can be seen in the meaning and naming of Punakawan. In addition, the displayed role contains an elegant religious message wrapped in culture. Employing qualitative research using the analysis method, steps taken done to write the paper are; first, observing the theological and social revolution of the Javanese society, which is animist, dynamic, and paganist towards monotheistic mysticism. The second is the shift phenomena of Javanese Hindu ideology towards the Islamization of Java through an egalitarian concept of Islam. The third is the interpretation of young people’s anxiety through the distinctive voices of criticism. The result of this research is the disclosure of written descriptions of the characteristics of the practice of Javanese society through the process of cultural and religious transformation in the interpersonal play of Punakawan.
Downloads
References
Alif, Naufaldi, Universitas Islam, Negeri Sunan, Ampel Surabaya, Laily Mafthukhatul, Universitas Islam, Negeri Sunan, dkk. “Akulturasi Budaya Jawa Dan Islam” 23, no. 2 (2020): 143–62.
Anan, Asrul, dan Siti Juwariyah. “Analisis Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam Dalam Karakter Wayang Punakawan.” Al Murabbi: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 2 (2017): 325–40.
Akbar, Ummu. Syiar 9 Wali Di Pulau Jawa: 9 Kisah Seru Pejuang Islam. Jakarta: Mizan, n.d.
Darmawan, Kiki Zakiah. “Penelitian Etnografi Komunikasi: Tipe dan Metode.” Mediator: Jurnal Komunikasi 9, no. 1 (2008): 181–88. https://doi.org/10.29313/mediator.v9i1.1142.
Drewes, Prof. Dr. G.J.W. Perdebatan Walisongo Seputar Makrifatullah, 202M.
Drs. H. Solichin, Drs. Suyanto, S.Kar., M.A. etc. “Ensiklopedi Wayang Indonesia,” 2016.
Duija, I Nengah. Tokoh Sabdopalon: Rekonstruksi Pemaknaan Politik Kebudayaan Hindu-Islam, 2015.
Ensiklopedi Nasional Indonesia. Jakarta: Delta Pamungkas, 2004.
Falakhudin, Fuad. “Dakwah Wali Songo dan Islamisasi Di Jawa.” Dakwah Wali Songo Dan Islamisasi Di Jawa 15 (2011): 11.
Harsrinuksmo, Bambang. Ensiklopedi Wayang Indonesia. Disunting oleh M.A. etc. Drs. H. Solichin, Drs. Suyanto, S.Kar., 2016.
Hanum Jazimah Puji Astuti. “Islam Nusantara Sebuah Argumentasi Beragama Dalam Bingkai Kultural.” INJECT (Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication) 2, no. 1 (n.d.): 27–52.
Herliana, Monika. “Aktivitas Komunikasi dalam Upacara Pemberkatan Pernikahan Agama Khonghucu (Kajian Studi Etnografi Komunikasi).” Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 14, no. 3 (2019): 303–17. https://doi.org/10.14710/nusa.14.3.303-317.
Hilyah, Ashoumi. “Akulturasi Dakwah Sinkretis Sunan Kalijaga.” Akulturasi Dakwah Sinkretis Sunan Kalijaga 10, no. 01 (2018): 101–13.
Kaelan. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Bidang Filsafat. Yogyakarta: Paradigma, 2005.
Mujiningsih, Erlis N. Yetti, Erli. “Sunan Kalijaga dalam Novel Babad Walisongo dan Kisah Dakwah Walisongo.” Bahasa dan Seni 43, no. 2 (2015): 213–26.
Marhiyanto, Bambang. Sunan Kalijaga: Sosok Wali, Filsuf Dan Budayawan. Surabaya: Jawara, 2000.
Mulyono, Sri. Apa Dan Siapa Semar. Jakarta: Gunung Agung, 1982.
———. Simbolisme Dan Mistikisme Dalam Wayang Sebuah Tinjauan Filosofis. Jakarta: Gunung Agung, 1978.
Poedjosoebroto, P. Wayang Lambang Ajaran Islam. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita, 1978.
Ponimin, Mitra Istiar Wardhana, Ahmad Taufik, Nur Hadi, dan Andy Pramono. “Kreasi Seni Patung Bertema Figur Wayang ‘Punokawan’ Sebagai Penguat Karakter Masyarakat Desa Wisata di Malang.” Karinov 3, no. 3 (2020): 164–73.
Pramudiyanto, Ahmad, Supana Supana, dan Muhammad Rohmadi. “Characteristic of Wong Cilik on Wayang Kulit Wanda of Panakawan Figures.” Humanus 17, no. 2 (2018): 174. https://doi.org/10.24036/humanus.v17i2.100683.
Purnama, Adhi. “Nilai Moral Lakon ‘Semar Mbangun Kahyangan’Sanggit Ki Eko Suwaryo.” Jurnal Program Studi PendidikanBahasa dan SastraJawa 05, no. 03 (2014): 96–106.
R Christianto, Wisma Nugraha. “Peran Dan Fungsi Tokoh Semar-Bagong Dalam Pergelaran Lakon Wayang Kulit Gaya Jawa Timuran.” Humaniora 15, no. 3 (2003): 285–301.
Raden_Ngabehi_Ronggowa. Serat_Paramayoga_Part_II.pdf, t.t.
Rani, Lanjar, Pamerdi Giri Wiloso, M Si, dan D Ph. “Analisis Wacana Kritis Dalam Pagelaran Wayang Kulit Lakon ‘ Petruk Dadi Ratu .’” Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, 2013.
Ratna Herawati, Tri. “Analisis Nilai Karakter Dalam Wayang Kulit Dengan Lakon Puspito Manik Sebagai Sumber Belajar Sastra Siswa Smp.” Jurnal Skripta 5, no. 1 (2019): 83–96.
Ricklefs, M. C. “Mengislamkan Jawa,” 2012.
Seramasara, I Gusti Ngurah. “Wayang Sebagai Media Komunikasi Simbolik Perilaku Manusia Dalam Praktek Budaya Dan Agama Di Bali.” Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya 34, no. 1 (2019): 80–86. https://doi.org/10.31091/mudra.v34i1.640.
Setiawan, Eko. “Makna Filosofi Wayang Purwa Dalam Lakon Dewa Ruci.” Kontemplasi: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin 5, no. 2 (2017). https://doi.org/10.21274/kontem.2017.5.2.399-418.
Sunarto. “PANAKAWAN WAYANG KULIT PURWA: Asal-usul dan Konsep Perwujudannya.” Panggung 22, no. 3 (2012): 242–55. https://doi.org/10.26742/panggung.v22i3.74.
Soebardhi, S. Islam Di Indonesia. Prisma, 1978.
Soyomukti, Nurani. Pengatar Sosiologi: Dasar Analisi, Teori, Dan Pendekatan Menuju Anilisis Masalah-Masalah Sosial, Perubahan Sosial, Dan Kajian-Kajian Strategis. Jogjakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media., 2014.
Sumarsam. Memaknai Wayang Dan Gamelang: Temu Silang Jawa Islam Dan Global. Cetakan ke. Yogyakarta: Gading, 2018.
Tim Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Islam Kementerian Agama RI. “Ensiklopedia Islam Nusantara.” Direktorat Pendidikan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam, no. Edisi Budaya (2018): 378.
Copyright (c) 2022 Fuad Noorzeha, Agus Sutono, John Abraham Ziswan Suryosumunar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The author(s) retain/s the copyright and grant/s Al-Adabiya: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Keagamaan the first publication rights licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) which allows others to access (search, read, download and quote), share (copy and redistribute the material in any media or format) and adapt (mix, modify and develop) works for legitimate purposes, even commercially, with recognition of the authorship of the work and its initial publication in this journal.
