Cinta dan Identitas Agama: Tinjauan Konsep Cinta Erich Fromm dalam Novel Fi Qalbi Untsa ‘Ibriyyah
Love and Religious Identity: An Analysis of Erich Fromm’s Art of Loving in Novel Fi Qalbi Untsa ‘Ibriyyah
Abstract
This study aims to reveal the symptoms, forms, and purposes of love of the characters in the novel Fi Qalbi Untsa ‘Ibriyyah, and how they behave when their love for fellow human beings is hindered by the boundaries of their religion (Judaism, Islam, and Christianity) thus resulting in conflict and opposition within the novel environment. This research is a literature study by analyzing Arabic literary works in the form of novels and used Erich Fromm's psychosocial approach to the concept of love. The novel Fi Qalbi Untsa 'Ibriyyah presents the characters who initially live in a peaceful atmosphere and love each other, then the love turned into conflict after their different religious identities are unveiled. The characters have two choices: either following their feelings of love for humanity regardless religious identity or leaving their love by reason of obeying religious boundaries as a form of love for God. Research becomes important when it is found that love that departs from feelings of personal liking without seeing social ties can actually lead to many conflicts when it comes to meeting religious identity and its boundaries.
Penelitian bertujuan mengungkap gejala, bentuk, dan tujuan perasaan cinta tokoh-tokoh dalam novel Fi Qalbi Untsa ‘Ibriyyah, serta bagaimana mereka bersikap ketika perasaan cinta kepada sesama manusia terhalang oleh batasan agama yang mereka anut (Yahudi, Islam, dan Kristen) sehingga mengakibatkan konflik dan pertentangan di antara mereka. Penelitian ini berbentuk studi pustaka dengan melakukan analisis terhadap karya sastra Arab yang berbentuk novel serta menggunakan pendekatan psikososial Erich Fromm tentang konsep cinta, dimana Fromm berpandangan bahwa cinta merupakan solusi dari semua permasalahan manusia. Fi Qalbi Untsa ‘Ibriyyah menampilkan kehidupan para tokoh yang awalnya dalam suasana damai saling mencintai tanpa melihat identitas agama, tetapi kemudian cinta mereka berubah menjadi konflik setelah mengetahui perbedaan agama di antara mereka. Para tokoh memiliki dua pilihan, antara mengikuti perasaan cinta kepada manusia tanpa memandang identitas agama atau melepaskan rasa cinta tersebut dengan alasan menaati batasan agama sebagai wujud cinta kepada Tuhan. Penelitian menjadi penting ketika ditemukan fakta bahwa cinta yang berangkat dari perasaan suka kepada personal tanpa melihat ikatan sosial ternyata bisa melahirkan banyak konflik ketika bertemu dengan identitas agama beserta batasan-batasannya.
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