Developing Critical Thinkers: Integrating Inquiry with BMKII in Scientific Writing
Keywords:
Scientific Writing; Inquiry-Based; BAMKII; Writing Instruction; Critical Thinking
Abstract
This research is significant because critical thinking and scientific writing abilities are crucial for student success. The study aims to investigate the impact of using BMKII instructional materials on students' critical thinking skills in scientific writing. The research methodology involves quantitative analysis (pretest and posttest) and qualitative methods (semi-structured interviews and reflective journals). Findings indicate a significant improvement in scientific writing skills post-intervention, with the average posttest score (78.72) significantly higher than the pretest score (53.36), supported by Paired Samples T-Test statistical analysis. Interviews and reflective journals provide insights into students' perceptions of the inquiry-based approach to scientific writing, a crucial stage in BMKII. Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative findings strengthens the conclusion regarding the effectiveness of BMKII. The study suggests practical implications for instructors and acknowledges limitations, such as instructor readiness and strategies for effective research-based learning implementation. Additionally, the article outlines the stages of critical thinking involved in scientific writing, emphasizing that each stage demonstrates critical thinking abilities. This research presents strong evidence that the use of BMKII contributes to enhancing students' critical thinking skills in scientific writing and preparing students to meet the demands of the 21st-century
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References
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Cookson, M. D., & Stirk, P. M. R. (2019). Paulo Freire Pedagogy of Hope; Reliving Pedagogy of the Oppressed.
Demircioglu, T., & Ucar, S. (2015). Investigating the effect of argument-driven inquiry in laboratory instruction. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri, 15(1), 267–283. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2015.1.2324
Dostál, J. (2015). Theory of Problem Solving. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174(February), 2798–2805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.970
Epçaçan, C. (2019). A review on the relationship between critical thinking skills and learning domains of Turkish Language. Educational Research and Reviews, 14(3), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.5897/err2018.3658
Escalante Arauz, P. (2014). Inquiry-Based Learning in an English as a Foreign Language Class: A Proposal. Revista de Lenguas Modernas, 0(19), 5–9.
Escobar, C. R. (2017). International Journal of English and Education. International Journal of English and Education, 6(4), 180–193.
Fraenkel, Wallen, & Hyun, H. H. (2021). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). McGram-Hill Companies.
Fu, H., & Wang, J. (2021). Cultivation of Critical Thinking Skills in College English Writing under Blended Learning Model. Creative Education, 12(07), 1485–1493. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.127113
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Gholam, A. (2019). Inquiry-Based Learning: Student Teachers' Challenges and Perceptions. Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education, 10(2), 112–133.
Gholami, M., Moghadam, P. K., Mohammadipoor, F., Tarahi, M. J., Sak, M., Toulabi, T., & Pour, A. H. H. (2016). Comparing the effects of problem-based Learning and the traditional lecture method on critical thinking skills and metacognitive awareness in nursing students in a critical care nursing course. Nurse Education Today, 45, 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2016.06.007
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Harsiati, T., Pradana, I. M. P., & Amrullah, H. (2019). Information literacy and self-regulation in the context of the creative thinking of prospective engineers. 17(2), 197–203.
Harsono, Hafsi, A. R., & Mukminin, A. (2024). Criticality in self-assessment : Writing learning innovations in forming critical thinking. 14(3), 292–298.
Harsono, Hafsi, A. R., Citra, D. K., Amalia, L., & Roviva. (2022). Reka Bentuk Menulis Makalah di Era Merdeka Belajar Melalui Kerangka Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis. GHANCARAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 2020, 120–133. https://doi.org/10.19105/ghancaran.vi.7454
Khairuddin, Z., Ismayatim, W. F. A., Ismail, O., Rahmat, N. H., & Zamri, N. A. (2022). Exploring Critical Thinking in Writing. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Innovation Track Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICSIHESS 2021), 626(Icsihess), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211227.012
Klunklin, A., Subpaiboongid, P., Keitlertnapha, P., Viseskul, N., & Turale, S. (2011). Thai nursing students' adaption to problem-based Learning: A qualitative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 11(6), 370–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2011.03.011
Lee, H. Y. (2014). Inquiry-based teaching in second and foreign language pedagogy. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 5(6), 1236–1244. https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.6.1236-1244
Lin, V., Barrett, N. E., Liu, G.-Z., & Chen, H. H.-J. (2023). A Systematic Review on Inquiry-Based Writing Instruction in Tertiary Settings. Written Communication, 40(1), 238–281. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/07410883221129605
Madhuri, G. V., Kantamreddi, V. S. S. N., & Prakash Goteti, L. N. S. (2012). Promoting higher order thinking skills using inquiry-based Learning. European Journal of Engineering Education, 37(2), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2012.661701
Mahanal, S., & Zubaidah, S. (2017). Model Pembelajaran RICOSRE yang Berpotensi Memberdayakan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 2(5), 676–685. https://doi.org/10.17977/JPTPP.V2I5.9180
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Marni, S., Suyono, Roekhan, & Harsiati, T. (2019). Critical thinking patterns of first-year students in argumentative essay. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 7(3), 683–697. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.605324
McCrae, N. (2011). Nurturing Critical Thinking and Academic Freedom in the 21st Century University. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 23(1), 128–134.
McDowell, M. (2023). Creating Challenging Learning Experiences When teachers leverage inquiry, students use critical thinking skills to examine multiple perspectives and find ways to improve our world. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/critical-thinking-inquiry/
Miner-Romanoff, K., Rae, A., & Zakrzewski, C. E. (2019). A Holistic and Multifaceted Model for Ill-Structured Experiential Problem-Based Learning: Enhancing Student Critical Thinking and Communication Skills. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 7(1), 70–96. https://doi.org/10.5278/ojs.jpblhe.v7i1.3341
ÖZCAN, E., ORMANCI, Ü., KAÇAR, S., & BALIM, A. G. (2017). The Relationship between Elementary Students' Problem Solving and Inquiry Learning Skills. Kuramsal Eğitimbilim, 10(4), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.5578/keg.61904
Rainie, L., & Anderson, J. (2017). The Future of Jobs and Jobs Training. Pew Research Center, May, 1–95.
Rohaeti, E. (2020). Research-Oriented Collaborative Inquiry Learning Model : Improving Students' Scientific Attitudes in General. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 19(1), 108–120.
Sahin, M., & Dogantay, H. (2018). Critical Thinking and Transformative Learning. Online Submission, 22(1), 103–114.
Sahoo, S., & Mohammed, C. A. (2018). Fostering critical thinking and collaborative learning skills among medical students through a research protocol writing activity in the curriculum. Korean Journal of Medical Education, 30(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2018.86
Salari, M., Roozbehi, A., Zarifi, A., & Tarmizi, R. A. (2018). Pure PBL, Hybrid PBL and Lecturing: Which one is more effective in developing cognitive skills of undergraduate students in pediatric nursing course? BMC Medical Education, 18(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-018-1305-0
Sari, T. P., Dawud, D., & Andajani, K. (2019). Hubungan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dengan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Editorial Siswa Kelas XII. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 4(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v4i1.11853
Seibert, S. A. (2021). Problem-based Learning: A strategy to foster generation Z's critical thinking and perseverance. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 16(1), 85–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2020.09.002
Serekoane, M., Agumba, H., & Van Vuuren, C. (2022). Situating Inquiry Pedagogical Practices in the Classroom to Foster a High-Impact Research-Minded Learning Experience. African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies, 4(1), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.51415/ajims.v4i1.1030
Shanmugavelu, G., Parasuraman, B., Ariffin, K., Kannan, B., & Vadivelu, M. (2020). Inquiry Method in the Teaching and Learning Process. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 8(3), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v8i3.2396
Smith, N. B. (2017). A Principled Revolution in the Teaching of Writing. English Journal, 106, 70–75.
Sutiani, A., Situmorang, M., & Silalahi, A. (2021). Implementation of an Inquiry Learning Model with Science Literacy to Improve Student Critical Thinking Skills. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 117–138. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.1428a
Tahira, M., & Haider, G. (2019). THE ROLE OF CRITICAL THINKING IN ACADEMIC WRITING: AN INVESTIGATION OF EFL STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS AND WRITING EXPERIENCES. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 8(1), 1–30. www.iojpe.org
Thulasi, Sarala Palpanadan, P., Rahim Bin Salam, A., & Bte Ismail, F. (2014). Comparative Analysis of Process Versus Product Approach of Teaching Writing in Malaysian Schools: Review of Literature. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 22(6), 789–795. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2014.22.06.21943
Tomcho & Foels. (2020). Meta-Analysis of Group Learning Activities: Empirically Based Teaching Recommendations. Teaching of Psychology, 39(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/00986283124504
Ulfah, Y. (2012). Improving students' ability in writing through inquiry-based Learning. Action Research, 6(1), 1–14.
Wale, B. D., & Bishaw, K. S. (2020). Effects of using inquiry-based Learning on EFL students' critical thinking skills. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-00090-2
Wale, B. D., & Bogale, Y. N. (2021). Using inquiry-based writing instruction to develop students' academic writing skills. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-00108-9
Yuliarti, Suwandi, S., Andayani, & Sumarwati. (2023). Learning Model Inquiry-Based Local Wisdom Dilemmas Stories and Their Effects on Critical Thinking and Scientific Writing Abilities. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(5), 538–557. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.5.27
Zakaria, I., Suyono, S., & Priyatni, E. T. (2021). Dimensi Berpikir Kritis. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 6(10), 1630. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v6i10.15072
Zhan, Y. (2021). What matters in design? Cultivating undergraduates' critical thinking through online peer assessment in a Confucian heritage context. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 46(4), 615–630. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1804826
Zhou, Z. (2018). An Empirical Study on the Influence of PBL Teaching Model on College Students' Critical Thinking Ability. English Language Teaching, 11(4), 15. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n4p15
Ali, H. F., & Ulker, V. (2020). The effect of inquiry-based approach on development of reading and writing skills of a University EFL students. Asian EFL Journal, 27(2), 84–100. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3621259
Awada, G., Burston, J., & Ghannage, R. (2020). Effect of student team achievement division through WebQuest on EFL students' argumentative writing skills and their instructors' perceptions. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 33(3), 275–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1558254
Bereiter, C., & Scardamalia, M. (2014). Knowledge building and knowledge creation: One concept, two hills to climb. In S. C. Tan, H. J. So, J. Yeo (Eds.). Knowledge Creation in Education, 35–52.
Bing, L. (2022). College English writing affect. 5, 77–82. https://doi.org/10.23977/curtm.2022.050116
Binkley, M., Erstad, O., Herman, J., Raizen, S., Ripley, M., & Rumble, M. (2015). Defining 21st century skills, draft white paper. January 2009.
Changwong, K., Sukkamart, A., & Sisan, B. (2018). Critical thinking skill development: Analysis of a new learning management model for Thai high schools. Journal of International Studies, 11(2), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2018/11-2/3
Cookson, M. D., & Stirk, P. M. R. (2019). Paulo Freire Pedagogy of Hope; Reliving Pedagogy of the Oppressed.
Demircioglu, T., & Ucar, S. (2015). Investigating the effect of argument-driven inquiry in laboratory instruction. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri, 15(1), 267–283. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2015.1.2324
Dostál, J. (2015). Theory of Problem Solving. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174(February), 2798–2805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.970
Epçaçan, C. (2019). A review on the relationship between critical thinking skills and learning domains of Turkish Language. Educational Research and Reviews, 14(3), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.5897/err2018.3658
Escalante Arauz, P. (2014). Inquiry-Based Learning in an English as a Foreign Language Class: A Proposal. Revista de Lenguas Modernas, 0(19), 5–9.
Escobar, C. R. (2017). International Journal of English and Education. International Journal of English and Education, 6(4), 180–193.
Fraenkel, Wallen, & Hyun, H. H. (2021). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). McGram-Hill Companies.
Fu, H., & Wang, J. (2021). Cultivation of Critical Thinking Skills in College English Writing under Blended Learning Model. Creative Education, 12(07), 1485–1493. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.127113
Fu, Q. K., Lin, C. J., Hwang, G. J., & Zhang, L. (2019). Impacts of a mind mapping-based contextual gaming approach on EFL students' writing performance, learning perceptions and generative uses in an English course. Computers and Education, 137(April), 59–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.005
Gholam, A. (2019). Inquiry-Based Learning: Student Teachers' Challenges and Perceptions. Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education, 10(2), 112–133.
Gholami, M., Moghadam, P. K., Mohammadipoor, F., Tarahi, M. J., Sak, M., Toulabi, T., & Pour, A. H. H. (2016). Comparing the effects of problem-based Learning and the traditional lecture method on critical thinking skills and metacognitive awareness in nursing students in a critical care nursing course. Nurse Education Today, 45, 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2016.06.007
Godbee, B. (2016). Why inquiry matters: An argument and model for inquiry-based writing courses. The Wisconsin English J, 58(2), 7–21.
Greenhill. (2015). P21 framework definitions document. Retrieved December 15, 2010, from, Http://Www.21stcenturyskills.Org/Documents/P21_framework_definitions_052909.Pdf, 1–9. http://www.p21.org/our-work/p21-framework
Harsiati, T., Pradana, I. M. P., & Amrullah, H. (2019). Information literacy and self-regulation in the context of the creative thinking of prospective engineers. 17(2), 197–203.
Harsono, Hafsi, A. R., & Mukminin, A. (2024). Criticality in self-assessment : Writing learning innovations in forming critical thinking. 14(3), 292–298.
Harsono, Hafsi, A. R., Citra, D. K., Amalia, L., & Roviva. (2022). Reka Bentuk Menulis Makalah di Era Merdeka Belajar Melalui Kerangka Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis. GHANCARAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 2020, 120–133. https://doi.org/10.19105/ghancaran.vi.7454
Khairuddin, Z., Ismayatim, W. F. A., Ismail, O., Rahmat, N. H., & Zamri, N. A. (2022). Exploring Critical Thinking in Writing. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Innovation Track Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICSIHESS 2021), 626(Icsihess), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211227.012
Klunklin, A., Subpaiboongid, P., Keitlertnapha, P., Viseskul, N., & Turale, S. (2011). Thai nursing students' adaption to problem-based Learning: A qualitative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 11(6), 370–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2011.03.011
Lee, H. Y. (2014). Inquiry-based teaching in second and foreign language pedagogy. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 5(6), 1236–1244. https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.6.1236-1244
Lin, V., Barrett, N. E., Liu, G.-Z., & Chen, H. H.-J. (2023). A Systematic Review on Inquiry-Based Writing Instruction in Tertiary Settings. Written Communication, 40(1), 238–281. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/07410883221129605
Madhuri, G. V., Kantamreddi, V. S. S. N., & Prakash Goteti, L. N. S. (2012). Promoting higher order thinking skills using inquiry-based Learning. European Journal of Engineering Education, 37(2), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2012.661701
Mahanal, S., & Zubaidah, S. (2017). Model Pembelajaran RICOSRE yang Berpotensi Memberdayakan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 2(5), 676–685. https://doi.org/10.17977/JPTPP.V2I5.9180
Malmarugan. (2022). Critical Thinking Skills Development Among Students for Enhancing Critical Writing Skills: A Review. Technoarete Transactions on Language and Linguistics, 1(1), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.36647/ttll/01.01.a002
Marni, S., Suyono, Roekhan, & Harsiati, T. (2019). Critical thinking patterns of first-year students in argumentative essay. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 7(3), 683–697. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.605324
McCrae, N. (2011). Nurturing Critical Thinking and Academic Freedom in the 21st Century University. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 23(1), 128–134.
McDowell, M. (2023). Creating Challenging Learning Experiences When teachers leverage inquiry, students use critical thinking skills to examine multiple perspectives and find ways to improve our world. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/critical-thinking-inquiry/
Miner-Romanoff, K., Rae, A., & Zakrzewski, C. E. (2019). A Holistic and Multifaceted Model for Ill-Structured Experiential Problem-Based Learning: Enhancing Student Critical Thinking and Communication Skills. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 7(1), 70–96. https://doi.org/10.5278/ojs.jpblhe.v7i1.3341
ÖZCAN, E., ORMANCI, Ü., KAÇAR, S., & BALIM, A. G. (2017). The Relationship between Elementary Students' Problem Solving and Inquiry Learning Skills. Kuramsal Eğitimbilim, 10(4), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.5578/keg.61904
Rainie, L., & Anderson, J. (2017). The Future of Jobs and Jobs Training. Pew Research Center, May, 1–95.
Rohaeti, E. (2020). Research-Oriented Collaborative Inquiry Learning Model : Improving Students' Scientific Attitudes in General. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 19(1), 108–120.
Sahin, M., & Dogantay, H. (2018). Critical Thinking and Transformative Learning. Online Submission, 22(1), 103–114.
Sahoo, S., & Mohammed, C. A. (2018). Fostering critical thinking and collaborative learning skills among medical students through a research protocol writing activity in the curriculum. Korean Journal of Medical Education, 30(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2018.86
Salari, M., Roozbehi, A., Zarifi, A., & Tarmizi, R. A. (2018). Pure PBL, Hybrid PBL and Lecturing: Which one is more effective in developing cognitive skills of undergraduate students in pediatric nursing course? BMC Medical Education, 18(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-018-1305-0
Sari, T. P., Dawud, D., & Andajani, K. (2019). Hubungan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dengan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Editorial Siswa Kelas XII. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 4(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v4i1.11853
Seibert, S. A. (2021). Problem-based Learning: A strategy to foster generation Z's critical thinking and perseverance. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 16(1), 85–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2020.09.002
Serekoane, M., Agumba, H., & Van Vuuren, C. (2022). Situating Inquiry Pedagogical Practices in the Classroom to Foster a High-Impact Research-Minded Learning Experience. African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies, 4(1), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.51415/ajims.v4i1.1030
Shanmugavelu, G., Parasuraman, B., Ariffin, K., Kannan, B., & Vadivelu, M. (2020). Inquiry Method in the Teaching and Learning Process. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 8(3), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v8i3.2396
Smith, N. B. (2017). A Principled Revolution in the Teaching of Writing. English Journal, 106, 70–75.
Sutiani, A., Situmorang, M., & Silalahi, A. (2021). Implementation of an Inquiry Learning Model with Science Literacy to Improve Student Critical Thinking Skills. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 117–138. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.1428a
Tahira, M., & Haider, G. (2019). THE ROLE OF CRITICAL THINKING IN ACADEMIC WRITING: AN INVESTIGATION OF EFL STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS AND WRITING EXPERIENCES. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 8(1), 1–30. www.iojpe.org
Thulasi, Sarala Palpanadan, P., Rahim Bin Salam, A., & Bte Ismail, F. (2014). Comparative Analysis of Process Versus Product Approach of Teaching Writing in Malaysian Schools: Review of Literature. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 22(6), 789–795. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2014.22.06.21943
Tomcho & Foels. (2020). Meta-Analysis of Group Learning Activities: Empirically Based Teaching Recommendations. Teaching of Psychology, 39(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/00986283124504
Ulfah, Y. (2012). Improving students' ability in writing through inquiry-based Learning. Action Research, 6(1), 1–14.
Wale, B. D., & Bishaw, K. S. (2020). Effects of using inquiry-based Learning on EFL students' critical thinking skills. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-00090-2
Wale, B. D., & Bogale, Y. N. (2021). Using inquiry-based writing instruction to develop students' academic writing skills. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-00108-9
Yuliarti, Suwandi, S., Andayani, & Sumarwati. (2023). Learning Model Inquiry-Based Local Wisdom Dilemmas Stories and Their Effects on Critical Thinking and Scientific Writing Abilities. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(5), 538–557. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.5.27
Zakaria, I., Suyono, S., & Priyatni, E. T. (2021). Dimensi Berpikir Kritis. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 6(10), 1630. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v6i10.15072
Zhan, Y. (2021). What matters in design? Cultivating undergraduates' critical thinking through online peer assessment in a Confucian heritage context. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 46(4), 615–630. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1804826
Zhou, Z. (2018). An Empirical Study on the Influence of PBL Teaching Model on College Students' Critical Thinking Ability. English Language Teaching, 11(4), 15. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n4p15
Published
2024-06-10
How to Cite
Harsono, H., Suyitno, I., Harsiati, T., & Andajani, K. (2024). Developing Critical Thinkers: Integrating Inquiry with BMKII in Scientific Writing. QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, Dan Agama, 16(1), 451-466. https://doi.org/10.37680/qalamuna.v16i1.4917
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Articles
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