The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Work Culture on the Quality of Elementary School Learning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37680/qalamuna.v17i2.7563Keywords:
transformational leadership, Work Culture, Learning QualityAbstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership and work culture on the quality of learning in elementary schools of the Baskara Sumirat Cluster, Tembalang District. This study uses a quantitative approach with an ex post facto design. Data collection is carried out through standardized questionnaires. The validity and reliability test was carried out using SPSS version 26. Data analysis includes descriptive statistics, key component analysis (PCA), and simple and multiple linear regressions. The results showed that transformational leadership had a significant influence of 60.4% on the quality of learning. Work culture contributed 35.4%, and simultaneously, the two variables explained 69.0% variability. The regression coefficient shows a greater influence of transformational leadership than work culture. This study highlights integrating leadership approaches and work culture in public elementary schools. This study reinforces the position of transformational leadership variables as a key factor that is more dominant than work culture, while providing an empirical data-based predictive model in the context of Indonesian basic education.
Downloads
References
Ahmad, M. (2021). THE IMPACT OF WORK CULTURE ON THE APPARATUS WORK PERFORMANCE. 19, 253–261. https://doi.org/10.30996/DIA.V19I1.5141
Alykpashova, N., & Shamatov, D. (2025). Teachers’ collaborative culture and its impact on professional practice. Pedagogical Dialogue. https://doi.org/10.62670/2308-7668.2025.51.1.004
Arnyana, I. B., Suastra, I. W., & Susiani, K. (2022). A study of improving the quality of learning to improve the quality of elementary school education. Jurnal EDUCATIO: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.29210/1202221786
Aswan, M. K., & Hermawan, D. (2025). The Role of Collaborative Work Culture in Enhancing Teacher Effectiveness in SMK Negeri 1 Pabelan. International Journal of Economics, Business Management and Accounting (IJEBMA). https://doi.org/10.59890/ijebma.v7i1.2840
Bakker, A., Espevik, R., Olsen, O. K., & Hetland, J. (2022). Daily transformational Leadership: A source of inspiration for follower performance? European Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2022.04.004
Chalwe, D. M., & Nyimbili, L. (2024). Potential Problems with Having a Culture that is Too Strong in Modern Organizations. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research. https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i01.12418
Chen, C., & Jiang, Y. (2018). Integrating Knowledge Activities for Team Innovation: Effects of Transformational Leadership. Journal of Management, 44, 1819–1847. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206316628641
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches-4th ed. SAGE Publications, 86(385).
Erkutlu, H. (2008). The impact of transformational leadership on organizational and leadership effectiveness. Journal of Management Development, 27, 708–726. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710810883616
Fadila, T. N., Damanik, Y. T., Elfrianto, E., & Ayumi, N. M. (2024). The Leadership Role of The School Principal in Developing School Culture. Indonesian Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.56495/ije.v3i1.649
Gao, J., Liu, J., & Arshad, M. H. (2025). Teacher-student relationships as a pathway to sustainable learning: Psychological insights on motivation and self-efficacy. Acta Psychologica, 254, 104788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104788
Garg, D. (2024). Professional Commitment of Secondary School Teachers in relation to Self-Efficacy and Teacher Effectiveness. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research. https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i02.13727
Hallinger, P., & Liu, S. (2018). Principal Instructional Leadership, Teacher Self-Efficacy, and Teacher Professional Learning in China: Testing a Mediated-Effects Model. Educational Administration Quarterly, 54, 501–528. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X18769048
Hardy, I., Büttner, G., Decker, A.-T., Fauth, B., Klieme, E., Decristan, J., & Kunter, M. (2019). The effects of teacher competence on student outcomes in elementary science education: The mediating role of teaching quality. Teaching and Teacher Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.102882
Huang, L., Huang, Y., & Zhou, S. (2021). Examining principal leadership effects on teacher professional learning in China: A multilevel analysis. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 51, 1278–1300. https://doi.org/10.1177/17411432211041626
Husna, F., Melinda, R., Simanjuntak, P. L., Mandala, J., Diani, dan, Putra, A., Pratiwi, A., Hafizan, M., & Ananda, M. (2024). The Influence of Curriculum Changes on Learning Methods at SDN Development 9. JUPE : Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala. https://doi.org/10.58258/jupe.v9i2.7137
Kahangwa, G., Kimaro, A., & Suleiman, S. J. (2024). Stakeholders’ Perception of the Impact of Curriculum Reform on the Quality of Primary Education in Zanzibar. East African Journal of Education Studies. https://doi.org/10.37284/eajes.7.4.2486
Liu, J., Gao, J., & Arshad, M. H. (2025). Teacher-student relationships as a pathway to sustainable learning: Psychological insights on motivation and self-efficacy. Acta Psychologica, 254, 104788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104788
Lu, S.-C., Lin, C.-C., Tang, H.-C., Lai, F.-Y., & Lee, Y.-C. (2020). Transformational Leadership and Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement. SAGE Open, 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019899085
Marks, H., & Printy, S. (2003). Principal Leadership and School Performance: An Integration of Transformational and Instructional Leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 39, 370–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X03253412
Marliah, E., & Muthukrishnan, P. (2025). Improving Students’ Economic Learning Outcomes through Problem-Based Learning Methods. PPSDP International Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.59175/pijed.v4i1.410
Masih, A., & Ali, M. (2021). Enhancing the Quality of Learning through Changes in Students’ Approach to Learning. International Journal of Asian Education. https://doi.org/10.46966/ijae.v2i3.242
Montenegro-Rueda, M., García-Martínez, I., Molina-Fernández, E., & Fernández-Batanero, J. (2021). Mapping teacher collaboration for school success. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 32, 631–649. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2021.1925700
Mthanti, B. J., & Msiza, P. (2023). The roles of the school principals in the professional development of teachers for 21st-century Education. Cogent Education, 10. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2267934
Muis, M. A., Mardiana, M., Putri, N., Febriani, S., & Yuniarti, I. (2024). Peran Manajemen Kelas Dalam Meningkatkan Efektifitas Proses Pembelajaran. Journal on Education. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v7i2.7808
Mukaddamah, I. (2024). Peran Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru: Studi Kasus di Sekolah Dasar. AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584). https://doi.org/10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.5834
Nurlaelah, N. (2023). Problem-Based Learning Method for Improving the Learning Achievement of Students. Edunesia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v4i2.330
Nykiel, A., Hill, S., Lock, G., Morris, J. E., Lummis, G. W., & Ferguson, C. (2019). The role of leadership in establishing a positive staff culture in a secondary school. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 48, 802–820. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143219864937
Putri, N., Febriani, S., Muis, M. A., Mardiana, M., & Yuniarti, I. (2024). Peran Manajemen Kelas Dalam Meningkatkan Efektifitas Proses Pembelajaran. Journal on Education. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v7i2.7808
Rahyasih, Y., Abubakar, A., Nurdin, N., & Aziz, C. N. (2025). Transformational leadership and the development of professional learning communities in elementary schools. Journal of Educational Management and Instruction (JEMIN). https://doi.org/10.22515/jemin.v5i1.9930
Rehman, A., Bhuttah, T. M., & You, X. (2020). Linking Burnout to Psychological Well-being: The Mediating Role of Social Support and Learning Motivation. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 13, 545–554. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S250961
Robertson, C., Al-Habib, M. I., & Al-Khatib, J. (2002). The relationship between Arab values and work beliefs: An exploratory examination. Thunderbird International Business Review, 44, 583–601. https://doi.org/10.1002/TIE.10036
Roesminingsih, E., Wardoyo, W., Sunikan, & Tri, D. (2025). The Principal’s Strategy for Enhancing Learning Quality. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i18s.2915
Setiawati, L. (2020). Impact of Teacher Certification on Learning Quality: A Case Study in Elementary School. 151–154. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200108.036
Setiyanti, W., Kusumaningsih, W., & Nurkolis, N. (2025). THE INFLUENCE OF PRINCIPAL’S TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE, SCHOOL CULTURE, AND TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM ON LEARNING QUALITY IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL. Prima Magistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan. https://doi.org/10.37478/jpm.v6i2.5133
Sugiyono. (2017). Quantitative, qualitative, and R&D research methods. Alphabeta.
Syam, R. Z. A., Achmad, W., & Rostini, D. (2022). The Significance of Principal Management on Teacher Performance and Quality of Learning. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i2.1721
Toloy, M. C. (2024). Transforming Challenges to Victories: An Inquiry into Transformational Leadership of School Leaders in the Public Elementary Schools. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT). https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24apr2440
Tufail, I., Zaini, Z. A. H., & Rodliah, S. (2019). Classroom Management In Improving Learning Effectiveness. Jurnal At-Tarbiyat: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. https://doi.org/10.37758/jat.v6i1.622
Utami, B. Y., Nelitawati, N., & Al-Kadri, H. (2024). The Influence of Principal Transformational Leadership on Teacher Performance and Learning Quality in Schools. International Journal of Educational Dynamics. https://doi.org/10.24036/ijeds.v6i2.488
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Eli Erlinawati, Bunyamin Bunyamin, I Made Sudana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who submit manuscript retain its copyright and grant publisher right of first publication licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to access (search, read, download, and cite), share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon any material) the work for any lawful purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Qalamuna: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama.
