Can Citizen Projects Make Pancasila Education Measurable? Evidence Map Based on Pancasila Student Profile Stages
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37680/qalamuna.v18i1.8873Keywords:
project citizen, pancasila student profile, pancasila education, civic inquiry and deliberation, qualitative evidence visualizationAbstract
This study investigates how the Project Citizen model strengthens the Pancasila Student Profile (PPP) in Pancasila Education at MTs Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia. A qualitative case study was conducted involving a Pancasila Education teacher and MTs students engaged in a full Project Citizen cycle. Data were collected from participatory classroom observations across the stages of Project Citizen, in-depth semi-structured interviews with the teacher and selected students, and document analysis of student project artifacts (e.g., issue analyses, evidence summaries, policy drafts, presentation materials, and reflective notes). Data were analyzed through iterative thematic coding aligned with the six PPP dimensions and emergent codes, strengthened by cross-source triangulation and an explicit evidence-density rubric. PPP development was stage-specific: critical reasoning intensified during problem identification and inquiry; collaboration and creativity peaked during deliberation and policy proposal design; global diversity became salient during public presentation; and moral integrity consolidated through reflection and evaluation. Co-occurrence analysis further indicated strong linkages among critical reasoning, collaboration, and moral integrity, suggesting PPP operates as an interconnected competency configuration rather than isolated outcomes. Project Citizen operationalizes PPP through evidence-informed civic inquiry, deliberative collaboration, and structured ethical reflection within Pancasila Education.
References
Achmad Basari Eko Wahyudi, Moh Salimi, Ratna Hidayah, Hasan Zainnuri, & Laksmi Evasufi Widi Fajari. (2024). The Improvement of Students’ Creative and Collaborative Thinking Skills by Applying STEAM-Integrated Project-Based Learning. Jurnal Iqra’: Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 9(1), 16–29. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v9i1.4438
Ahmed, S. K. (2024). The pillars of trustworthiness in qualitative research. Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health, 2, 100051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100051
Almulla, M. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) Approach as a Way to Engage Students in Learning. SAGE Open, 10(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938702
Ayub, S., Rokhmat, J., Busyairi, A., & Tsuraya, D. (2023). Implementasi Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) sebagai upaya menumbuhkan Jiwa Kewirausahaan. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 8(1b), 1001–1006. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i1b.1373
Baporikar, N. (2021). Public-Private Partnership for Urban Housing Through Civic Engagement. In Research Anthology on Citizen Engagement and Activism for Social Change (pp. 262–284). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3706-3.ch014
Cai, Z., Huo, Y., Lan, J., Chen, Z., & Lam, W. (2019). When do frontline hospitality employees take charge? Prosocial motivation, taking charge, and job performance: The moderating role of job autonomy. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 60(3), 237–248.
Coopmans, M., & Rinnooy Kan, W. F. (2023). Facilitating citizenship-related classroom discussion: Teaching strategies in pre-vocational education that allow for variation in familiarity with discussion. Teaching and Teacher Education, 133, 104268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104268
Creswell, J. W., Cuevas, S., Greene, K., Santoyo, D., & Robinson, J. (2006). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). SAGE.
Das Aundhe, M., & Narasimhan, R. (2016). Public-private partnership (PPP) outcomes in e-government – a social capital explanation. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 29(7), 638–658. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-09-2015-0160
Decuypere, M. (2020). Visual Network Analysis: a qualitative method for researching sociomaterial practice. Qualitative Research, 20(1), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794118816613
Dewulf, G., & Garvin, M. J. (2020). Responsive governance in PPP projects to manage uncertainty. Construction Management and Economics, 38(4), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2019.1618478
Education, C. for C. (2006). Project Citizen: A We the People portfolio-based program (Level 1)—Center for Civic Education.
Education, C. for C. (2022). Project Citizen: Community engagement in public policy (Level 1) (3rd ed.)—Center for Civic Education.
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102, 101586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Hunaepi, H., & Suharta, I. G. P. (2024). Transforming Education in Indonesia: The Impact and Challenges of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum. Path of Science, 10(6), 5026–5039. https://doi.org/10.22178/pos.105-31
Jos, P. H., & Tompkins, M. E. (2004). The accountability paradox in an age of reinvention: The perennial problem of preserving character and judgment. Administration and Society, 36(3), 255–281. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399704263479
Kiersch, C., & Gullekson, N. (2021). Developing character-based leadership through guided self-reflection. International Journal of Management Education, 19(3), 100573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100573
Komalasari, K., Abdulkarim, A., Saripudin, D., & Iswandi, D. (2024). Blended learning based on living values education for the development of students' digital citizenship. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 45(4), 1229–1240. https://doi.org/10.34044/j.kjss.2024.45.4.16
Limeri, L. B., Carter, N. T., Choe, J., Harper, H. G., Martin, H. R., Benton, A., & Dolan, E. L. (2020). Growing a growth mindset: characterizing how and why undergraduate students’ mindsets change. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00227-2
Lloyd, N., Hyett, N., & Kenny, A. (2024). To Member Check or not to Member Check? An Evaluation of Member Checking in an Interpretive Descriptive Study. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 23, 16094069241301384. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069241301383
McKim, C. A. (2023). Meaningful member-checking: A structured approach to member-checking. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 7(2), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.29333/ajqr/12973
Michelen, M., Phan, M., Zimmer, A., Coury, N., Morey, B., Montiel Hernandez, G., Cantero, P., Zarate, S., Foo, M. A., Tanjasiri, S., Billimek, J., & LeBrón, A. M. W. (2024). Practical Qualitative Data Analysis for Public Health Research: A Guide to a Team-Based Approach With Flexible Coding. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 23, 16094069241289280. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069241289279
Miles, M.B., Huberman, a. m., & Saldana, J. (2015). Qualitative Data A Methods Sourcebook. In 4th (Ed.), Etika Jurnalisme Pada Koran Kuning : Sebuah Studi Mengenai Koran Lampu Hijau (Vol. 16, Issue 2). SAGE.
Miller, R., & Brewer, J. (2015). Naturalistic Inquiry. In The A-Z of Social Research. SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412986281.n232
Owen, D. (2024). Project Citizen Research Program: Final report (PR/Award Number R305A190360). Civic Education Research Lab, Georgetown University.
Pamungkas, O. Y., & Sudigdo, A. (2022). Profile of Pancasila Students: Implementation of Diversity in MBKM Students’ Stories in UST Yogyakarta. Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation, 2(2), 156–164.
Patton, M. Q. (1999). Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis. Health Services Research, 34(5 Pt 2), 1189–1208.
Pokorny, J. J., Norman, A., Zanesco, A. P., Bauer-Wu, S., Sahdra, B. K., & Saron, C. D. (2018). Network analysis for the visualization and analysis of qualitative data. Psychological Methods, 23(1), 169–183. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000129
Rajput, R., & Gunnigan, L. (2011). Public-private partnership (PPP) - “Sustainability in the context of PPP educational projects in Ireland.” AEI 2011: Building Integrated Solutions - Proceedings of the AEI 2011 Conference, 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1061/41168(399)10
Saldana, J. (2025). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. In 4th (Ed.), The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781036235611
Sampson, M. A. G. (2020). Statistical Analysis in Jasp a Guide for Students. SAGE Publications, Inc., All, 6(1), 1–185.
Scharp, K. M. (2021). Thematic Co-occurrence Analysis: Advancing a Theory and Qualitative Method to Illuminate Ambivalent Experiences. Journal of Communication, 71(4), 545–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqab015
Schlunegger, M. C., Zumstein-Shaha, M., & Palm, R. (2024). Methodologic and Data-Analysis Triangulation in Case Studies: A Scoping Review. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 46(8), 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459241263011
Schulz, W., Ainley, J., Fraillon, J., Losito, B., Agrusti, G., & Damiani, V. (2022). ICCS 2022 assessment framework. IEA.
Schulz, W., Carstens, R., Losito, B., & Agrusti, G. (2024). ICCS 2022 international report: Civic and citizenship education in the middle of a global crisis. IEA.
South, A., Eriksson, K., & Levitt, R. (2018). How Infrastructure Public–Private Partnership Projects Change Over Project Development Phases. Project Management Journal, 49(4), 62–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972818781712
Stahl, N. A., & King, J. R. (2020). Expanding Approaches for Research: Understanding and Using Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research. JOURNAL of DEVELOPMENTAL EDUCATION, 44(1), 26–28.
Sundawa, D., & Dahliyana, A. (2022). Strengthening civic education through Project Citizen as an incubator for democracy education. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 43(3), 763–768. https://doi.org/10.34044/j.kjss.2022.43.3.31
Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
Vinet, L., & Zhedanov, A. (2011). A “missing” family of classical orthogonal polynomials. In Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Vol. 44, Issue 8, pp. 1689–1699). UCL (University College London). https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/44/8/085201
Yanti, N., Rahmad, M., & Azhar. (2023). Application of PjBL (Project-Based Learning) Based Physics Learning Model to Improve Collaboration Skills and Creative Thinking Ability of Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(11), 9973–9978. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.5275
Yin K. Robert, & Campbell T. Donald. (2018). Case Study Research and Design and Methods. In 6th (Ed.), (No Title) (Vol. 5). SAGE.
Zhang, L., & Ma, Y. (2023). A study of the impact of project-based learning on student learning effects: a meta-analysis study. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1202728. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1202728
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Eko Priyanto, Nadarajan Thambu, Ani Kusbandiyah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who submit manuscript retain its copyright and grant publisher right of first publication licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to access (search, read, download, and cite), share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon any material) the work for any lawful purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Qalamuna: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama.






