Moralities of Muslim and the Advancement of Western World in the Perspective of Suluk Linglung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37680/adabiya.v20i1.5541Keywords:
Moralities of Muslim, Javanese Muslim, Suluk Linglung, Sunan Kalijaga, Western SocietiesAbstract
This research aims to discuss about Muslims' moralities upon the Western World's advancement in the teachings of the Islamic holy book whose the first revelation that came down was the command to read, understand and develop. Muslims must have the courage to acknowledge the advancement, including that of Western countries with all their civilizational progress, even though it is also influenced by ideology, state, and religion; which is also in line with the values contained in the work of Suluk Linglung by Sunan Kalijaga, one of Muslim saints in medieval Indonesia. By using the Gadamer’s hermeneutic method, the author tried to observe, understand, confirm, and look for similarities between the values of Suluk Linglung and the progressive civilization already exists in Western society. The author argues that Muslims must avoid and discard negative values from Western society's culture as they do not exist in Suluk Linglung Sunan Kalijaga.
Downloads
References
Ade-Ibijola, A. O. (2015). The United Nations Security Council Reforms and The Permanent Five Challenge: A Historical Perspective. Journal of International Studies, 11, 131–140. Retrieved from https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/jis/article/view/jis2015.11.8
Afrianti, D. (2019). Transformation of the Spread of the Manunggaling Kawula lan Gusti Concept in Javanese Society from the 16th Century AD to the 21st Century AD. International Journal of Islamic Khazanah, 9(1), 29-34.
AHMAD, D. A. (2022). The Muslim Reawakening in the 19th Century Pak-Hind Sub-Continent: An Overview. Hamdard Islamicus, 45(1). https://www.hamdardislamicus.com.pk/index.php/hi/article/view/412
Ahsan, S. (2022). Role of religion in peacebuilding and conflict resolution: case study of Islam. Reality of Politics. Estimates-Comments-Forecasts, 22(4), 7-27.
Alif, N., Mafthukhatul, L., & Ahmala, M. (2020). Akulturasi Budaya Jawa Dan Islam Melalui Dakwah Sunan Kalijaga. Al’Adalah, 23(2), 143–162.
Alsaigh, R., & Coyne, I. (2021). Doing a hermeneutic phenomenology research underpinned by Gadamer’s philosophy: A framework to facilitate data analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 16094069211047820.
Amyot, G. (2023). The Italian Communist Party: the crisis of the popular front strategy. Taylor & Francis.
Anelli, M., Colantone, I., & Stanig, P. (2019). We were the robots: Automation and voting behavior in western europe. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3427624
Axtell, G. (2017). James on Pragmatism and Religion. William James, Moral Philosophy, and the Ethical Life: The Cries of the Wounded, Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 317-336. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=t8hDDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA317&dq=Religion+is+pragmatic&ots=HKDW9veEFL&sig=kBw9Q-BAO3wtgg6ax-DwaK18z8g&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Religion%20is%20pragmatic&f=false
Bamyeh, M. A. (2019). Lifeworlds of Islam: The pragmatics of a religion. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=8RCTDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Religion+is+pragmatic&ots=N3g4yiatId&sig=2AwN3lKWvBTWR0lgXi6ca2w16H4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Religion%20is%20pragmatic&f=false
Ben-Tov, A. (2020). Central European encounters with the Muslim world in the 18th century. In Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History Volume 14 Central and Eastern Europe (1700-1800) (pp. 23–38). Brill. https://brill.com/downloadpdf/book/edcoll/9789004423176/BP000002.pdf
Betti, E. (2021). Hermeneutics as a General Methodology of the Sciences of the Spirit. Routledge.
Biscop, S. (2016). The European security strategy: a global agenda for positive power. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315239835/european-security-strategy-sven-biscop
Bonnett, A. (2017). The idea of the West: Culture, politics and history. Bloomsbury Publishing. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=H5tGEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=The+Myth+of+Progression+between+the+West+and+the+East&ots=mHslXdqKVd&sig=7nYbaWEi5_GD9PRVVLUgiLLZHQo&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=The%20Myth%20of%20Progression%20between%20the%20West%20and%20the%20East&f=false
Brogan, W. (2020). Basic concepts of hermeneutics: gadamer on tradition and community. Duquesne Studies in Phenomenology, 1(1), 3.
Clancy, P. (2021). Permanent Neutrality and the UN Security Council. Irish Studies in International Affairs 32(1), 241-259. https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/isia.2021.0053.
Costa, E. (2020). Whoever launches the biggest Sputnik has solved the problems of society? Technology and futurism for Western European social democrats and communists in the 1950s. History of European Ideas, 46(1), 95–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/01916599.2019.1703855
Cozzoli, D. (2023). John Desmond Bernal and “Bernalism”. In Handbook for the Historiography of Science (pp. 101-119). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Curry, O. S. (2016). Morality as Cooperation: A Problem-Centred Approach. In T. K. Shackelford & R. D. Hansen (Eds.), The Evolution of Morality (pp. 27–51). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19671-8_2
Curry, O. S., Mullins, D. A., & Whitehouse, H. (2019). Is It Good to Cooperate? Testing the Theory of Morality-as-Cooperation in 60 Societies. Current Anthropology, 60(1), 47–69. https://doi.org/10.1086/701478
Darke, D. (2024). Stealing from the Saracens: how Islamic architecture shaped Europe. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=x730EAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Europe+did+draw+inspiration+from+Islam&ots=T10fCYdva9&sig=t6G6-rtN8U75F_moxKcV4_AIhZw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Dawley, A., & Faler, P. (2019). Working-Class Culture and Politics in the Industrial Revolution: Sources of Loyalism and Rebellion 1. In The Working Class and Its Culture (pp. 146–160). Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315050430-8/working-class-culture-politics-industrial-revolution-sources-loyalism-rebellion-1-alan-dawley-paul-faler
Di Donato, M. (2015). I comunisti italiani e la sinistra europea: Il PCI ei rapporti con le socialdemocrazie (1964-1984) (Vol. 251). Carocci editore. https://arpi.unipi.it/handle/11568/988894
Dijkstra, H. (2016). Introduction: one-and-a-half cheers for the EU Global Strategy. Contemporary Security Policy, 37(3), 369–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2016.1244241
Djoko, S., & Warsito, F. X. (2019). Etika moral berjalan, hukum jadi sehat. Binamulia Hukum, 7(1), 26–35.
Doidge, M. (2017). ‘The birthplace of Italian communism’: political identity and action amongst Livorno fans. In Fan Culture in European Football and the Influence of Left Wing Ideology (pp. 142-157). Routledge.
Dubinina, V. O. (2019). Methodology of Philosophical Hermeneutics in the Social Sciences. Science Review, (2 (19)), 25-31.
Edgerton, D. (2006). Warfare State Britain, 1920-1970. Cambridge University Press.
Ellitan, L. (2020). Competing in the era of industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0. Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, Dan Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 1–12.
Eisenstadt, S. N. (2021). The breakdown of communist regimes and the vicissitudes of modernity. In Exit from Communism (pp. 21-42). Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429337192-2/breakdown-communist-regimes-vicissitudes-modernity-eisenstadt
Esping-Andersen, G. (2017). Politics against markets: The social democratic road to power.
Evans, M. D., & Kelley, J. (2017). Communism, capitalism, and images of class: Effects of reference groups, reality, and regime in 43 nations and 110,000 individuals, 1987-2009. Cross-Cultural Research, 51(4), 315-359.
Fanani, A. (2018). The Javanese Quest of Islamic Spirituality in Suluk Wujil: a Semiotic Reading. Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion, 3(2), 221-238.
Fauzan, M. (2020). MAKRIFAT SUNAN KALIJAGA DALAM SULUK LINGLUNG (Doctoral dissertation, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA).
Faizin, A. A. (2018). SEJARAH PERJALANAN RUHANI SUNAN KALIJAGA DALAM SULUK LINGLUNG (Doctoral dissertation, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA).
Fock, V. (2015). The theory of space, time and gravitation. Elsevier. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=X7A3BQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=einstein+and+theory+of+gravitation&ots=Y-wtN11aY4&sig=zMA8ppxVRI07KGy7nPPOj68GyNs&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=einstein%20and%20theory%20of%20gravitation&f=false
Frankena, W. K. (2020). The concept of morality. In The definition of morality (pp. 146–173). Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003051961-10/concept-morality-frankena
Franklin, S. (2022). Embodied Progress: A Cultural Account of Assisted Conception (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003284499 https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781003284499/embodied-progress-sarah-franklin.
Frenkel, Y. (2017). Islam as a peacemaking religion: Self-image, medieval theory, and practice. In Religion and Peace (pp. 84-97). Routledge.
Garred, M., & Abu-Nimer, M. (Eds.). (2018). Making peace with faith: The challenges of religion and peacebuilding. Rowman & Littlefield.
Gutiérrez, G., & Philippon, T. (2018). How EU markets became more competitive than US markets: A study of institutional drift (No. w24700). New York,: National Bureau of Economic Research.
Guth, S. (2015). One Future Only. The Soviet Union in the Age of the Scientific-Technical Revolution. Journal of Modern European History, 13(3), 355–376. https://doi.org/10.17104/1611-8944-2015-3-355
Haris, A. (2012). Kedudukan Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Dalam Teknologi Pembelajaran. https://osf.io/preprints/fnuxc/
Hobsbawm, E. (2018). JD Bernal: A Life in Science and Politics. Verso Books.
Hooker, J., & Kim, T. W. (2019). Ethical Implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution for Business and Society. In D. M. Wasieleski & J. Weber (Eds.), Business and Society 360 (Vol. 3, pp. 35–63). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2514-175920190000003002
Iggers, G., Wang, Q. E., & Mukherjee, S. (2016). A global history of modern historiography. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315543499/global-history-modern-historiography-georg-iggers-edward-wang-supriya-mukherjee
Imam, K., & Th, S. (2015). ASPEK MISTIK DALAM SULUK LINGLUNG SUNAN KALIJAGA (ANALISIS INTERTEKSTUAL [PhD Thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA]. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/24080
Iqbal, M., Gul, S., & Rashid, A. (2023). Marxist Analysis of Capitalistic Trauma and Its Impact on Moral Degeneration After Industrial Revolution. Journal of Asian Development Studies, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2023.12.4.79
Irwanto, D. (2015). Atlantis: The lost city is in Java Sea. Indonesia Hydro Media.
Islahi, A. A. (2015). The Nineteenth Century Arab World: An Overview. In A. A. Islahi, Economic Thinking of Arab Muslim Writers During the Nineteenth Century (pp. 6–25). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137553218_2
Juncos, A. E. (2016). Resilience as the new EU foreign policy paradigm: a pragmatist turn? European Security, 26(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2016.1247809
Karia, N. (2022). Explicating sustainable development growth and triumph: An Islamic-based sustainability model. In Handbook of Research on SDGs for Economic Development, Social Development, and Environmental Protection (pp. 128-143). IGI Global.
Kirazli, H. S. (2024). Conceptual and Theoretical Framework of Islamic Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking. In Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking in Islam: Theory and Practice (pp. 55-114). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
Kusumawardhana, G. T., Isana, W., Isnendes, C. R., Hidayat, A. A., Samsudin, S., & Martinez, R. (2024). TRACING THE" ISLAMIC GOLDEN AGE" TO REVITALIZE THE SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM. Indonesian Journal of Language and Culture, 2(1).
Masood, E. (2017). Science and Islam (Icon Science): A History. Icon Books. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=piF2DQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT9&dq=Europe+did+draw+inspiration+from+Islam&ots=tpt_dL-X1G&sig=Rh05CvI7LWk9P-G5u1TmqCSmde0&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Maxwell, C., Ramsayer, B., Hanlon, C., McKendrick, J., & Fleming, V. (2020). Examining researchers’ pre-understandings as a part of the reflexive journey in hermeneutic research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 1609406920985718.
Meachem, F. P., (2023). "Sunan Kalijaga: The Birth of a Self-Actualized Pilgrimage Culture". Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 3649.
https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/3649
Müller, V. C., & Bostrom, N. (2016). Future progress in artificial intelligence: A survey of expert opinion. Fundamental issues of artificial intelligence, 555-572. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-26485-1_33
Mitter, P. (2018). Colonial Modern: A Clash of Colonial and Indigenous Chronologies: The Case of India. In Time in the History of Art. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315229409-5/colonial-modern-partha-mitter
Mabilon-Bonfils, B. (2021). The scientific method as hermeneutics of the self. bildungsforschung, (2), 1-13.
Abu-Nimer, M. (2015). Religion and peacebuilding: Reflections on current challenges and future prospects. Journal of Interreligious Studies, (16), 13-29.
Nisaa, I. K. (2022). Serat Suluk Ling-Lung Pada Batik Tulis Kain Panjang [Institut Seni Indonesia Yogyakarta]. http://digilib.isi.ac.id/10856/
NUR FADHILAH, F. (2020). PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PERSPEKTIF SUNAN KALIJAGA (1455M/1586M) [Masters, UIN Raden Intan Lampung]. http://repository.radenintan.ac.id/
Nuzzo, L. (2018). The Birth of an Imperial location. Comparative perspectives on Western Colonialism in China. https://airus.unisalento.it/handle/11587/437383
Nisbet, R. (2017). History of the Idea of Progress. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203789940/history-idea-progress-robert-nisbet
Okonkwo, B. A. (2023). HERMENEUTICS IN GADAMER THE QUEST FOR UNDERSTANDING IN PHILOSOPHY. AMAMIHE Journal of Applied Philosophy, 21(3), Article 3. https://acjol.org/index.php/ajap/article/view/3538
Overstreet, G. D., & Windmiller, M. (2022). Communism in India. Univ of California Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=P1WDEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=communism+and+modernity&ots=VFjMRR1Ryl&sig=KezQdTNHzLuXQ7a_vU5TbiRKFnU&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=communism%20and%20modernity&f=false
Reid, S. E. (2018). Communist Comfort: Socialist Modernism and the Making of Cozy Homes in the Khrushchev Era. In The Routledge Companion to Modernity, Space and Gender (pp. 153-185). Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/9781315180472-13/communist-comfort-susan-reid
Riaz, A. (2015). Moral Understanding and Knowledge. Philosophical Studies, 172(1), 113–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-014-0328-6
Rist, G. (2019). The history of development: From western origins to global faith. Bloomsbury Publishing. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=BQA1EAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=history+of+advancement+of+western&ots=3ihAWDpqmd&sig=tJgOeoxDXt_2Ls2MSEij1sZqms0&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20advancement%20of%20western&f=false
Robinson, D. (2023). Hermeneutic approaches. In The Routledge Handbook of Translation Theory and Concepts (pp. 413-442). Routledge.
Sa’adah U M. (2023). KONSEP MORAL DALAM SULUK LINGLUNG PERSPEKTIF LAWRENCE KOHLBERG. Skripsi. UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. http://digilib.uinsa.ac.id/62803/1/Umi%20Maulidatus%20Sa%27adah_E07217024.pdf
Safii, M. (2022). SUNTINGAN TEKS SULUK LINGLUNG SEH MALAYA KARYA SUNAN KALIJAGA. HALUAN SASTRA BUDAYA Vol 6 (2). file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/59875-191051-2-PB.pdf
Said, A. A., Funk, N. C., & Sharify-Funk, M. (2022). Making Peace with Islam. In Abdul Aziz Said: A Pioneer in Peace, Intercultural Dialogue, and Cooperative Global Politics: With a Foreword by Mohammed Abu-Nimer and Prefaces by Nathan C. Funk and Meena Sharify-Funk (pp. 311-370). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Savulescu, J., & Maslen, H. (2015). Moral Enhancement and Artificial Intelligence: Moral AI? In J. Romportl, E. Zackova, & J. Kelemen (Eds.), Beyond Artificial Intelligence (Vol. 9, pp. 79–95). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09668-1_6
Sheehan, H. (2021). John Desmond Bernal, Marxism and Scientific Revolution. Jacobin.
Shofwan A M. (2018). Wirid Suluk Sunan Kalijaga. Komunitas Pecinta Wirid Spritualitas. Blitar. Jawa Timur. http://kasannawawi.blogspot.com/2018/10/wirid-suluk-sunan-kalijogo.html
Stefanink, B., & Bălăcescu, I. (2017). The hermeneutical approach in translation studies. Cadernos de tradução, 37(3), 21-52.
Turner, V. W. (2018). The roots of American communism. Routledge.
Urban, J. (2020). Moscow and the Italian communist party: from Togliatti to Berlinguer. Cornell University Press.
Valiyeva, F. (2019). DEGREES OF SEIR SULUK AND SALIK ON THE WAY TO DIVINE LOVE IN TURKISH POETRY OF THE XIII–XV CENTURIES. p. 99. http://www.vestnik-philology.mgu.od.ua/archive/v42/part_1/Filologi42_1.pdf#page=99
Vieten, C., & Lukoff, D. (2022). Spiritual and religious competencies in psychology. American Psychologist, 77(1), 26.
Vlăduţescu, Ş. (2018). Six steps of hermeneutical process at H.-G. Gadamer. Postmodern Openings, 9(2), 161-174.
Volti, R., & Croissant, J. (2024). Society and technological change. Waveland Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=in8CEQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=Western+technological+advances+are+acknowledged&ots=MWphAlRGV-&sig=MP5IZopjzd-PvuVzTYgaiLqxuQM&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Von Grunebaum, G. E. (2017). Classical islam: a history, 600 AD to 1258 AD. Routledge.
Wardani, N. E. (2023). The struggle and Islamic patriotism of Sunan Kalijaga in folktales of Central Java, Indonesia. HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 79(1), 8480.
Waston, W. (2018). Building peace through mystic philosophy: Study on the role of Sunan Kalijaga in Java. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 8(2), 281-308.
Wilson, N. D. (2021). Waging Peace amid Raging War: A Concise Critical Assessment of Interreligious Dialogue as a Tool for Peacemaking. The Ecumenical Review, 73(5), 867-878.
Yao, X., & Lin, Y. (2016). Emerging manufacturing paradigm shifts for the incoming industrial revolution. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 85(5–8), 1665–1676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-8076-0
Yusna, D. (2020). The Interaction of Suluk/Khalwat and Local Culture:(Review of the books of Suluk and Khalwat). Majalah Ilmiah Tabuah: Talimat, Budaya, Agama Dan Humaniora, 24(1), 39-52.
Zakiyah, E., Magfiroh, N. H., & Sarif, N. I. M. (2023, February). Javanese Islamic moderation of Sunan Kalijogo, harmonization of Islamic and Javanese teachings (aggregation of culture and ideology).
Zarkasi, F. (2024). Sunan Kalijaga and Diplomacy For Peace In Perspective Suluk Linglung Sunan Kalijaga. Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.7454/meis.v11i2.180
Zhou, K., Liu, T., & Zhou, L. (2015). Industry 4.0: Towards future industrial opportunities and challenges. 2147–2152. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7382284
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 fatchullah zarkasi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The author(s) retain/s the copyright and grant/s Al-Adabiya: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Keagamaan the first publication rights licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) which allows others to access (search, read, download and quote), share (copy and redistribute the material in any media or format) and adapt (mix, modify and develop) works for legitimate purposes, even commercially, with recognition of the authorship of the work and its initial publication in this journal.
